Modelo de gestión comunitaria de los recursos hídricos, caso práctico : Urbanismo del cantón Vinces, Ecuador
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2020-11
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Universidad de Guayaquil: Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo
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En la actualidad la gestión comunitaria del recurso del agua en el sector urbano y rural del Cantón Vinces es inexistente y la gestión pública es ineficiente, ya que año a año se producen inundaciones a efecto de las lluvias en la época invernal, cuenta con un sistema de alcantarillado al borde del colapso, un sistema de provisión de agua potable abastecido por pozos de agua ya que el sistema de alcantarillado tan solo abastece al 15% de la población y la deforestación de las riberas del Río Vinces han provocado desbordes cada más peligrosos, como efecto de esto existe una insalubridad masiva en el cantón ya que todos sus sistemas sanitarios colapsan en especial los sistemas de aguas lluvias y de aguas servidas lo que ha llevado a una alarmante situación sanitaria que amerita de una acción inmediata por parte de las instituciones públicas, la comunidad y los investigadores en planificación y gestión ambiental. El presente documento trata sobre la gestión comunitaria aplicada al recurso agua, desde el ámbito de la planificación urbana y el modelo público-comunitario para mitigar los efectos de la mala gestión del agua en el Cantón Vinces. La acción coordinadora del gobierno autónomo mediante políticas públicas da forma al modelo ya que descentraliza las funciones en el manejo del recurso agua para el desarrollo de una planificación urbana del Cantón Vinces. El objetivo es proponer un modelo de gestión comunitaria del recurso agua para mitigar los efectos negativos del actual sistema de gestión en el Cantón Vinces mediante el uso de modelos públicos-comunitarios y lineamientos de la Agenda 2030. Se utiliza una metodología descriptiva de estudios sobre modelos de gestión del agua con sus modelos de éxito y el objetivo seis de la Agenda 2030 la cual plantea: Garantizar la disponibilidad y la gestión sostenible del agua y el saneamiento para todos. Esta revisión de información se realiza a través de bases científicas como: Scopus, Science Direct y repositorios universitarios. Mediante el método mixto se analizan las condiciones actuales del sistema de gestión de agua de Vinces utilizando herramientas como la encuesta y la entrevista a actores públicos y grupos focales. El resultado de este estudio será un modelo territorial que obedezca a los lineamientos obtenidos del análisis del objetivo 6 de la Agenda 2030 para el buen manejo ambiental del recurso agua. Al final del documento, se concluye que el modelo actúa conforme a las necesidades de una gestión del agua satisfactoria para los usuarios del Cantón Vinces.
Currently, community management of water resources in the urban and rural sector of Canton Vinces is non-existent and public management is inefficient, since floods occur every year due to the rains in the winter season, it has a Sewage system on the verge of collapse, a drinking water supply system supplied by water wells that the sewer system only supplies to 15% of the population and the deforestation of the banks of the Vinces River have caused increasingly dangerous overflows, As a result of this, there is a massive unhealthiness in the canton since all its sanitary systems collapse, especially the rainwater and sewage systems, which has led to an alarming sanitary situation that deserves immediate action by public institutions, the community and researchers in environmental planning and management. This article deals with community management applied to water resources, from the urban planning and public-community model to mitigate the effects of water mismanagement in Canton Vinces. Multilevel governance through public policies shapes the model as it descends the functions of water resource management for the development of urban planning in Canton Vinces. The objective is to propose a community management model of water resources to mitigate the negative effects of the current management system in the Vinces Canton through the use of public-community models and guidelines of the 2030 Agenda. A descriptive methodology of model studies is used management system with its success models and objective six of the 2030 Agenda which states: Guarantee the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. This information review is carried out through scientific bases such as: Scopus, Science Direct and university repositories. Using the qualitative method, the current conditions of the Vinces water management system are analyzed using tools such as the survey and the interview with public actors and focus groups. The result of this study will be a territorial model that obeys the guidelines chosen from the analysis of objective 6 of the 2030 Agenda for the good environmental management of the water resource. At the end of the article, it is concluded that the model acts according to the needs of satisfactory water management for users of Cantón Vinces.
Currently, community management of water resources in the urban and rural sector of Canton Vinces is non-existent and public management is inefficient, since floods occur every year due to the rains in the winter season, it has a Sewage system on the verge of collapse, a drinking water supply system supplied by water wells that the sewer system only supplies to 15% of the population and the deforestation of the banks of the Vinces River have caused increasingly dangerous overflows, As a result of this, there is a massive unhealthiness in the canton since all its sanitary systems collapse, especially the rainwater and sewage systems, which has led to an alarming sanitary situation that deserves immediate action by public institutions, the community and researchers in environmental planning and management. This article deals with community management applied to water resources, from the urban planning and public-community model to mitigate the effects of water mismanagement in Canton Vinces. Multilevel governance through public policies shapes the model as it descends the functions of water resource management for the development of urban planning in Canton Vinces. The objective is to propose a community management model of water resources to mitigate the negative effects of the current management system in the Vinces Canton through the use of public-community models and guidelines of the 2030 Agenda. A descriptive methodology of model studies is used management system with its success models and objective six of the 2030 Agenda which states: Guarantee the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. This information review is carried out through scientific bases such as: Scopus, Science Direct and university repositories. Using the qualitative method, the current conditions of the Vinces water management system are analyzed using tools such as the survey and the interview with public actors and focus groups. The result of this study will be a territorial model that obeys the guidelines chosen from the analysis of objective 6 of the 2030 Agenda for the good environmental management of the water resource. At the end of the article, it is concluded that the model acts according to the needs of satisfactory water management for users of Cantón Vinces.
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PLANIFICACIÓN URBANA, GESTIÓN COMUNITARIA, RECURSO HÍDRICO