Análisis de riesgos en la construcción de los sistemas de agua potable y alcantarillado.
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Fecha
2009-05-08
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial.
Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un análisis de riesgos en donde el
Concesionario Interagua realiza obras de expansión tanto en agua potable como
alcantarillado sanitario encontrar los principales problemas que afectan a las
mismas y dar posibles soluciones a ellos, el estudio se lo llevó a cabo en las
siguientes obras: Instalación del Alcantarillado Sanitario en el Guasmo;
Construcción Ducto Cajón de Aguas Lluvias de Hormigón en Sauces 4 y el
Tendido de Tubería de 800mm para Agua Potable en el sector de la Vía a Daule
- Perimetral obras que son ejecutadas por empresas contratistas, donde
trabajadores y moradores de los sectores beneficiados se encuentran expuestos.
A través de este análisis se encontró que el principal problema es la señalización
de las obras, seguido por las siguientes áreas de trabajo Excavación y Desalojo,
Entibado, Arriostramiento, Relleno y Compactación, Transporte de Tubería
800mm. La solución que se plantea en esta tesis para el principal problema es
un Plan de Rotulación y Señalización además de un Plan de Seguridad y Salud
Ocupacional para Obras de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado con lo cual se
pretende minimizar los riesgos antes de que aparezcan en el lugar de trabajo. La
metodología utilizada para la realización de este trabajo es el Método Científico
Investigativo, con la ayuda de las siguientes técnicas: Encuestas a los
trabajadores y supervisores, Diagrama de Ishikawa conocido también como
causa-efecto nos permite lograr un conocimiento común de un problema
complejo, el Método Fine para realizar la priorización de los factores de riesgos,
se utilizó la técnica de análisis de seguridad de la tarea (AST). El monto de
inversión en esta propuesta es de USD $ 8.044,07 para Señalización de Obras,
EPP y Ropa de Trabajo, los resultados obtenidos a través de este trabajo de
investigación son reducir perdidas económicas por accidentes de trabajo
proporcionando un ambiente laboral más seguro. Para finalizar el Concesionario
deberá establecer un mayor control en lo concerniente a la señalización de las
obras que ejecutan las empresas contratistas, la gestión de la seguridad es una
responsabilidad de la dirección, en efecto la dirección fija los objetivos, asigna
los recursos e implanta el método hacia esos objetivos y corrige el rumbo cuando
estos no son satisfactorios.
The objective of this work is to perform a risk analysis where the Dealer hits Interagua expansion works in both drinking water and sanitary sewer to find the main problems affecting them and provide possible solutions to, the study was conducted in following works: Installation of Sanitary Sewer in Guasmo; Pipeline Construction Stormwater Drawer Concrete in 4 and Sauces Laying Pipe 800mm for Drinking Water in the area of Pathway Duale - Perimeter works executed by contractors where workers and residents of the benefited sectors are exposed. Through this analysis it was found that the main problem is the signaling of works, followed by the following areas of work Excavation and Eviction Shoring, bracing, Fill and Compaction, Transportation Pipeline 800mm. The solution proposed in this thesis for the main problem is Plan Lettering and signage as well as a Health and Safety Plan Occupational Works for Water and Sewerage thereby intended to minimize risks before they appear in the workplace. the methodology used for the realization of this work is the Scientific Method Research, with the help of the following techniques: Surveys workers and supervisors, Ishikawa Diagram Also Known As cause and effect allows us to achieve a common understanding of a problem complex, the Fine Method for prioritizing risk factors, technical security analysis of the task (AST) was used. The amount of investment in this proposal is USD $ 8,044.07 for Signalling Works, PPE and Workwear, the results obtained through this work research are to reduce economic losses accident providing a safer work environment. To end the Concessionaire must establish greater control regarding the signaling works executed by the contractors, the management of security is a management responsibility, indeed the direction sets out the objectives assigned resources and implements the method towards these goals and correcting course when these are not satisfactory.
The objective of this work is to perform a risk analysis where the Dealer hits Interagua expansion works in both drinking water and sanitary sewer to find the main problems affecting them and provide possible solutions to, the study was conducted in following works: Installation of Sanitary Sewer in Guasmo; Pipeline Construction Stormwater Drawer Concrete in 4 and Sauces Laying Pipe 800mm for Drinking Water in the area of Pathway Duale - Perimeter works executed by contractors where workers and residents of the benefited sectors are exposed. Through this analysis it was found that the main problem is the signaling of works, followed by the following areas of work Excavation and Eviction Shoring, bracing, Fill and Compaction, Transportation Pipeline 800mm. The solution proposed in this thesis for the main problem is Plan Lettering and signage as well as a Health and Safety Plan Occupational Works for Water and Sewerage thereby intended to minimize risks before they appear in the workplace. the methodology used for the realization of this work is the Scientific Method Research, with the help of the following techniques: Surveys workers and supervisors, Ishikawa Diagram Also Known As cause and effect allows us to achieve a common understanding of a problem complex, the Fine Method for prioritizing risk factors, technical security analysis of the task (AST) was used. The amount of investment in this proposal is USD $ 8,044.07 for Signalling Works, PPE and Workwear, the results obtained through this work research are to reduce economic losses accident providing a safer work environment. To end the Concessionaire must establish greater control regarding the signaling works executed by the contractors, the management of security is a management responsibility, indeed the direction sets out the objectives assigned resources and implements the method towards these goals and correcting course when these are not satisfactory.
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Palabras clave
SISTEMAS INTEGRADOS DE GESTIÓN, RIESGOS EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN, AGUA POTABLE, ALCANTARILLADO