Fuentes de contaminación y calidad de agua en un tramo del Estuario del Río Chone, Bahía de Caráquez-2014
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2015
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
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El Ecuador se une al manejo sustentable de los recursos naturales renovables y del control de la contaminación, mediante la utilización de herramientas para el monitoreo constante de la calidad de agua. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar las fuentes de contaminación y su incidencia en la calidad del agua en un tramo del estuario del Río Chone cercano a Bahía de Caráquez, en dos períodos; lluvioso (febrero y abril) y seco (julio y septiembre), tanto en una marea de sicigia y otra de cuadratura. Se analizaron parámetros hidrológicos (temperatura, salinidad, pH, turbidez, OD, DBO5, nutrientes (NH3, NO2, NO3, PO4, SIO2)) y H2S. El análisis de los componentes principales (ACP) reveló una relación inversa entre la turbidez con algunos nutrientes. Los resultados superaron los valores máximos permisibles de la normativa ambiental del Ecuador (TULSMA), confirmándose la hipótesis; los sectores de Casa Ceibo, Ciudadela Norte y Museo que se encuentran ubicados en la zona interna del estuario del Río Chone con mayor presencia de actividades Antropogénicas, presentan contaminación en variables físico-químicas que tendrían un efecto significativo sobre la abundancia y variedad de especies.
Ecuador joins the sustainable management of renewable natural resources and pollution control, using tools for constant monitoring of water quality. The objetive of this research is to assess pollution sources and their impact on water quality in a stretch of the Chone River estuary near Bahia de Caráquez, in two periods; rainy (february and april) and dry (july-september), in a tide of syzygy and another quadrature. hydrological parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, turbidity, OD, DBO5, nutrients (NH3, NO2, NO3, PO4, SiO2)) and H2S were analyzed. The principal components analysis (PCA) revealed an inverse relationship between turbidity with some nutrients, temperature and salinity. This analysis showed a positive correlation between low water and nutrients. The results exceeded the maximum permissible values of environmental regulations Ecuador (TULSMA), confirming the hypothesis; sectors of Casa Ceibo, north Citaded and Museum that are located in the inner zone of the estuary of the River Chone with greater presence of anthropogenic activities, present pollution in physico-chemical variables that have a significant effect on the abundance and species variety.
Ecuador joins the sustainable management of renewable natural resources and pollution control, using tools for constant monitoring of water quality. The objetive of this research is to assess pollution sources and their impact on water quality in a stretch of the Chone River estuary near Bahia de Caráquez, in two periods; rainy (february and april) and dry (july-september), in a tide of syzygy and another quadrature. hydrological parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, turbidity, OD, DBO5, nutrients (NH3, NO2, NO3, PO4, SiO2)) and H2S were analyzed. The principal components analysis (PCA) revealed an inverse relationship between turbidity with some nutrients, temperature and salinity. This analysis showed a positive correlation between low water and nutrients. The results exceeded the maximum permissible values of environmental regulations Ecuador (TULSMA), confirming the hypothesis; sectors of Casa Ceibo, north Citaded and Museum that are located in the inner zone of the estuary of the River Chone with greater presence of anthropogenic activities, present pollution in physico-chemical variables that have a significant effect on the abundance and species variety.
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ABUNDANCIA, ACTIVIDADES ANTROPOGÉNICAS, NUTRIENTES, TURBIDEZ