Análisis y evaluación de riesgos por movimientos en masa e inundaciones en a zona urbana del cantón Bucay
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2019-09
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar y evaluar los riesgos por movimientos en masa e inundaciones en la zona urbana del cantón Bucay. Se realizó un análisis de la subcuenca río Chimbo para los dos tipos de amenazas, usando la metodología de Mora y Vahrson Modificado para la amenaza por deslizamientos, utilizando indicadores morfodinámicos, como: pendiente, litología, cobertura vegetal, sismo y precipitación, mientras, la amenaza por inundación se determinó utilizando la metodología dispuesta por el Ministerio del Ambiente, mediante variables como: índice topográfico de humedad, infiltración, pendiente y suelos. Además, se determinó el área vulnerable por ambas amenazas aplicando encuestas, cuyo resultado se obtuvo a partir del promedio simple para cada vulnerabilidad. A partir de las amenazas y la vulnerabilidad se generó la cartografía de riesgo, demostrando que en la parte noreste del área de estudio se encuentran expuestos a la amenaza de deslizamientos de tierra, con un riesgo moderado seguido únicamente del nivel alto y muy alto. Mientras, el análisis por inundaciones mostró niveles moderados a la mayoría del área de estudio.
The main objective of this study was to analyze and evaluate the risks of mass movements and floods in the urban area of the Bucay canton. An analysis of the Chimbo river sub-basin was carried out for the two types of threats, using the Modified Mora and Vahrson methodology for the landslide threat, using morphodynamic indicators, such as: slope, lithology, vegetation cover, earthquake and pressure, while, the flood threat was determined using the methodology provided by the Ministry of Environment, through variables such as: topographic index of humidity, infiltration, slope and soils. In addition, the vulnerable area it was determined by threats by applying surveys, the result of which will be obtained from the simple average for each vulnerability. From the threats and vulnerability the risk mapping was generated, demonstrating that in the northeast part of the study area there are landslide threats, with a moderate risk followed by a high and very high level. Meanwhile, flood analysis varied moderate levels to most of the study area.
The main objective of this study was to analyze and evaluate the risks of mass movements and floods in the urban area of the Bucay canton. An analysis of the Chimbo river sub-basin was carried out for the two types of threats, using the Modified Mora and Vahrson methodology for the landslide threat, using morphodynamic indicators, such as: slope, lithology, vegetation cover, earthquake and pressure, while, the flood threat was determined using the methodology provided by the Ministry of Environment, through variables such as: topographic index of humidity, infiltration, slope and soils. In addition, the vulnerable area it was determined by threats by applying surveys, the result of which will be obtained from the simple average for each vulnerability. From the threats and vulnerability the risk mapping was generated, demonstrating that in the northeast part of the study area there are landslide threats, with a moderate risk followed by a high and very high level. Meanwhile, flood analysis varied moderate levels to most of the study area.
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MOVIMIENTOS EN MASA, INUNDACIONES, AMENAZA, VULNERABILIDAD, RIESGO