Evaluación clínica y de los factores del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes climatéricas. Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor 2011
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Los problemas de salud en las mujeres que dejan la edad fértil, tiene un alto impacto en la
sociedad. Se conoce de la alta incidencia de las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), la misma
que está aumentando rápidamente. La ECV es la primera causa de muerte en las mujeres de todo el
mundo. La hipertensión, si bien afecta a más los hombres que a las mujeres hasta los 55 años de
edad, después de 55 años de edad, el porcentaje de mujeres es mayor.
El estudio se orientó a buscar factores de riesgo cardiovasculares en mujeres climatéricas y
menopáusicas en las pacientes del Hospital Enrique C. Sotomayor, de la ciudad de Guayaquil. Para
ello se revisaron las historias clínicas de las atendidas en el año 2012. Se trata de un estudio
analítico, transversal que seleccionó las pacientes que no registren condición menopáusica por
histerectomía, ni enfermedades no transmisibles diagnosticadas, además cuyos registros estén
completos. El universo se redujo a 320 pacientes entre las que se escogió aleatoriamente 120
registros. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo y una prueba inferencial. El promedio de edad encontrado
fue de 48 años, el 70% de las pacientes en estado de menopausia, el 18% de ellas con terapia de
reemplazo hormonal, TRH. En el 56% de la muestra se descubrió un nivel de Colesterol Total alto,
en el 47% una condición de riesgo por el nivel de HDL, el 26% de ellas en condición de hipertensa
y el 77% con un nivel bajo de PCR. Del resultado de la prueba entre los niveles de PCR y la
condición de TRH, no se encontró evidencia estadística en la muestra de una asociación entre estas
variables.
Health problems in women who stop childbearing age, have a high impact on society. It is known for the high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is increasing rapidly. CVD is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Hypertension, but affects more men than women until age 55, after age 55, the percentage of women is higher. The study was aimed to find cardiovascular risk factors in perimenopausal and menopausal women patients in the Enrique C. Sotomayor Hospital in the city of Guayaquil. These medical records were reviewed for the underserved in 2012. This is an analytical cross-sectional study that selected patients who do not register by hysterectomy menopausal status, or non-communicable diseases diagnosed in addition whose records are complete. The universe was reduced to 320 patients including 120 was chosen randomly records. A descriptive analysis and inferential test was done. The average age was found 48, 70% of patients in menopause, 18% of them with hormone replacement therapy, HRT. In 56% of the shows a high total cholesterol level, was found in 47% a risk condition for the level of HDL, 26% of them in hypertensive condition and 77% with a low level of PCR. The test result between CRP levels and the condition of HRT, no statistical evidence was found in the sample of an association between these variables. KEY
Health problems in women who stop childbearing age, have a high impact on society. It is known for the high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is increasing rapidly. CVD is the leading cause of death in women worldwide. Hypertension, but affects more men than women until age 55, after age 55, the percentage of women is higher. The study was aimed to find cardiovascular risk factors in perimenopausal and menopausal women patients in the Enrique C. Sotomayor Hospital in the city of Guayaquil. These medical records were reviewed for the underserved in 2012. This is an analytical cross-sectional study that selected patients who do not register by hysterectomy menopausal status, or non-communicable diseases diagnosed in addition whose records are complete. The universe was reduced to 320 patients including 120 was chosen randomly records. A descriptive analysis and inferential test was done. The average age was found 48, 70% of patients in menopause, 18% of them with hormone replacement therapy, HRT. In 56% of the shows a high total cholesterol level, was found in 47% a risk condition for the level of HDL, 26% of them in hypertensive condition and 77% with a low level of PCR. The test result between CRP levels and the condition of HRT, no statistical evidence was found in the sample of an association between these variables. KEY
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Climaterio, Menopausia, Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Evaluación clínica, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Factores de riesgo