Reelaboración del discurso dominante de hijos adultos con Padres Alcohólicos”- Grupo Al-Anon.
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2015-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
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El alcoholismo es uno de los desórdenes psicosociales más frecuentes, con efectos adversos para los hijos que conviven con el alcoholismo parental; estos usualmente adoptan patrones cognitivos y de comportamiento disfuncionales en un intento de adaptarse a un ambiente familiar desestructurado. En su afán de aliviar su problemática acuden a los grupos de autoayuda Al-Anón, los mismos que han sido creados para brindar apoyo a los familiares de alcohólicos. El objetivo de la investigación fue reelaborar el discurso dominante de tres hijos de alcohólicos miembros del grupo Al-Anón, mediante el uso de técnicas de la Terapia Narrativa. Con este propósito se identificaron características sociodemográficas y del proceso de convivencia con el alcoholismo parental, los contenidos predominantes de los discursos que comprometían su bienestar psicosocial, y, las externalizaciones que posibilitaron la creación de historias alternativas. Se utilizó metodología cualitativa con diseño de tipo narrativo. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la observación y la entrevista en profundidad. Los relatos de los hijos de padres alcohólicos, independientes de la edad, sexo, estado civil o escolaridad, confluyeron en temáticas dominantes de violencia, resentimientos, frustración e insatisfacción de su
experiencia vital; incluso, si la persona era un adulto funcional, sus narrativas estaban saturadas de expresiones de angustia, sensación de impotencia, aprensión con respecto al futuro y dificultades relacionales. Mediante las conversaciones de externalización, herramienta de la Terapia Narrativa, se logró acceder a eventos vividos por el sujeto que no formaban parte de su discurso dominante. Con este material, extraído de su propia experiencia, se posibilitó la reelaboración del discurso.
Alcoholism is one of the most common psychosocial disorders, with adverse effects for children living with parental alcoholism; these usually adopt dysfunctional cognitive and behavioral patterns in an attempt to adapt to an unstructured family atmosphere. In an effort to alleviate their problems attending self-help groups Al-Anon, the same that have been created to support the families of alcoholics. The aim of the research was to rework the dominant discourse of three children of alcoholic’s members of Al-Anon group, using techniques of narrative therapy. For this purpose demographic and process of living with parental alcoholism partner characteristics were identified; the predominant content of the speeches that compromise their psychosocial wellbeing, and the outsourcing that enable alternative histories. Qualitative methodology was used to design narrative. The instruments used were observation and in-depth interview. The stories of the children of alcoholics, parents independent of age, sex, marital status or education, converged dominant themes of violence, resentment, frustration and dissatisfaction of his life experience; even if the person was a functioning adult, their narratives were overwhelmed with expressions of anguish, helplessness, apprehension about the future and relational difficulties. By externalizing conversations, tool narrative therapy, he gained access to events experienced by the subject that were not part of the dominant discourse. With this material, from his own experience, reprocessing of the speech is allowed.
Alcoholism is one of the most common psychosocial disorders, with adverse effects for children living with parental alcoholism; these usually adopt dysfunctional cognitive and behavioral patterns in an attempt to adapt to an unstructured family atmosphere. In an effort to alleviate their problems attending self-help groups Al-Anon, the same that have been created to support the families of alcoholics. The aim of the research was to rework the dominant discourse of three children of alcoholic’s members of Al-Anon group, using techniques of narrative therapy. For this purpose demographic and process of living with parental alcoholism partner characteristics were identified; the predominant content of the speeches that compromise their psychosocial wellbeing, and the outsourcing that enable alternative histories. Qualitative methodology was used to design narrative. The instruments used were observation and in-depth interview. The stories of the children of alcoholics, parents independent of age, sex, marital status or education, converged dominant themes of violence, resentment, frustration and dissatisfaction of his life experience; even if the person was a functioning adult, their narratives were overwhelmed with expressions of anguish, helplessness, apprehension about the future and relational difficulties. By externalizing conversations, tool narrative therapy, he gained access to events experienced by the subject that were not part of the dominant discourse. With this material, from his own experience, reprocessing of the speech is allowed.
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Terapia Narrativa, Alcohólicos, Alcohol, Alcoholismo en la familia