Estado nutricional y nivel socioeconómico en gestantes
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2021
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo relacionar el estado nutricional con el
nivel socioeconómico en gestantes que asistieron a consulta externa del Hospital Gineco Obstétrico Pediátrico Universitario de Guayaquil, la metodología utilizada fue no experimental
con diseño transversal, con enfoque cualitativo-cuantitativo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 70
gestantes que aceptaron voluntariamente participar en el estudio, las edades comprendidas fueron
entre 20-35 años de edad, en la cual se utilizó la encuesta socioeconómica del INEC y la
frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, así como datos antropométricos como peso pregestacional,
peso actual y talla para determinar la ganancia de peso ponderal según la semana de gestación.
Según las tablas del IMC y CLAP muestran que el peso pregestacional predominante en las
gestantes es el Normopeso con un 50% y el 40% presentó ganancia de peso deficiente. El
programa estadístico informático utilizado fue SPSS que indicó que no existe correlación
estadística entre el peso pregestacional y estado socioeconómico. Respecto al cuestionario de
frecuencia de consumo de alimentos se demuestra que existe una correlación estadística con el
estado socioeconómico y ciertos alimentos como azúcar, aceite de oliva, frutos secos y agua. Se
concluyó que el estado nutricional de las gestantes tiene mayor influencia por el conocimiento
nutricional debido que influye directamente en la capacidad de elegir los alimentos que van a
ingerir, por tal motivo se hace hincapié en la necesidad de incorporar la educación nutricional a
las gestantes ya que favorecerá a mejorar sus hábitos de alimentación.
The present research work aimed to relate the nutritional status with the socioeconomic level in pregnant women who attended an outpatient consultation at the University Pediatric Gyneco Obstetric Hospital of Guayaquil, the methodology used was non-experimental with a cross sectional design, with a qualitative-quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 70 pregnant women who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, the ages were between 20-35 years old, in which the INEC socioeconomic survey and the frequency of food consumption were used, as well as anthropometric data such as Pre-pregnancy weight, current weight and height to determine the weight gain according to the gestation week. According to the BMI and CLAP tables, they show that the predominant pre-pregnancy weight in pregnant women is normal weight with 50% and 40% presented poor weight gain. The statistical software used was SPSS, which indicated that there is no statistical correlation between pre-pregnancy weight and socioeconomic status. Regarding the food consumption frequency questionnaire, it is shown that there is a statistical correlation with socioeconomic status and certain foods such as sugar, olive oil, nuts and water. It was concluded that the nutritional status of pregnant women is more influenced by nutritional knowledge because it directly influences the ability to choose the foods they are going to eat, for this reason the need to incorporate nutritional education to pregnant women is emphasized. that will help improve your eating habits.
The present research work aimed to relate the nutritional status with the socioeconomic level in pregnant women who attended an outpatient consultation at the University Pediatric Gyneco Obstetric Hospital of Guayaquil, the methodology used was non-experimental with a cross sectional design, with a qualitative-quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 70 pregnant women who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, the ages were between 20-35 years old, in which the INEC socioeconomic survey and the frequency of food consumption were used, as well as anthropometric data such as Pre-pregnancy weight, current weight and height to determine the weight gain according to the gestation week. According to the BMI and CLAP tables, they show that the predominant pre-pregnancy weight in pregnant women is normal weight with 50% and 40% presented poor weight gain. The statistical software used was SPSS, which indicated that there is no statistical correlation between pre-pregnancy weight and socioeconomic status. Regarding the food consumption frequency questionnaire, it is shown that there is a statistical correlation with socioeconomic status and certain foods such as sugar, olive oil, nuts and water. It was concluded that the nutritional status of pregnant women is more influenced by nutritional knowledge because it directly influences the ability to choose the foods they are going to eat, for this reason the need to incorporate nutritional education to pregnant women is emphasized. that will help improve your eating habits.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, NIVEL SOCIOECONÓMICO, MUJERES EMBARAZADAS, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO GUAYAQUIL, CANTÓN GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR