Alteraciones electroencefalograficas como pronóstico en pacientes con esquizofrenia INC mayo 2014 - diciembre 2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Durante muchos años se ha considerado que la presencia de alteraciones
electroencefalográficas en pacientes con esquizofrenia, eran hallazgos de poca relevancia clínica
y con escasa injerencia en el diagnóstico, evolución y pronóstico del paciente, el objetivo general
de la presente investigación es determinar la asociación entre las alteraciones
electroencefalográficas y el pronóstico en la esquizofrenia para recomendar nuevas formas de
abordaje clínico y terapéutico. El enfoque del presente estudio es de carácter cuantitativo, no
experimental, descriptivo, observacional, analítico, retrospectivo y transversal, la muestra la
constituyen 356 pacientes. Resultados: El 68% del total de casos (241 pacientes) fueron del sexo
masculino y el 32% (115 pacientes) de sexo femenino, el subtipo más común fue la esquizofrenia
paranoide con 197 pacientes (55%), las alteraciones electroencefalográficas tuvieron presentes
en 91 pacientes (26%), Los tipos de alteraciones electroencefalográficas que con mayor
frecuencia se presentaron fueron la actividad Theta-Delta post-hiperventilación en un 22%,
ondas lentas frontales en un 20%, ritmo de fondo lento en un 18%, estas se registraron con
mayor frecuencia en los subtipos paranoide en un 44%, no especificada en un 21% y
esquizofrenia hebefrénica en un 17%, las demás variables como el número de reingresos,
cambios del esquema terapéutico, estancia hospitalaria fueron mayores en aquellos pacientes que
presentaban alteraciones en el trazado. La investigación permite concluir que la presencia de
alteraciones electroencefalográficas inciden de manera directa en el pronóstico de la
Esquizofrenia por lo que se debe establecer el EEG como prueba diagnóstica de protocolo a todo
paciente con esquizofrenia.
For many years it has been considered that the presence of alterations EEG in patients with schizophrenia, there were finds of few clinical relevancy and with scarce interference in the diagnosis, evolution and prognosis of the patient, the general target of the present investigation is to determine the association between the alterations electroencefalográficas and the prognosis in the schizophrenia to recommend new forms of clinical and therapeutic collision. The approach of the present study is of quantitative, not experimental, descriptive character, analytical, retrospectively and transversely, 356 patients constitute the sample, as proved 68 % of the whole of cases (241 patients) was of the masculine sex and 32 % (115 patients) was of feminine sex, the most common subtype was the paranoid schizophrenia with 197 patients (55 %), the alterations EEG bore in mind in 91 patients (26 %), The types of alterations electroencefalográficas that with major frequency appeared were the activity Theta-Delta post-hyperventilation in 22 %, frontal slow waves in 20 %, rhythm of slow fund in 18 %, these registered with major frequency in the subtypes paranoid in 44 %, not specified in 21 % and schizophrenia hebefrénica in 17 %, other variables like the number of returns, changes of the therapeutic scheme, hospitable stay they were major in those patients who were presenting alterations in the tracing. The investigation allows to conclude that the presence of alterations EEG they affect in a direct way in the prognosis of the Schizophrenia therefore it is necessary to establish the EEG as diagnostic test of protocol to every patient with schizophrenia
For many years it has been considered that the presence of alterations EEG in patients with schizophrenia, there were finds of few clinical relevancy and with scarce interference in the diagnosis, evolution and prognosis of the patient, the general target of the present investigation is to determine the association between the alterations electroencefalográficas and the prognosis in the schizophrenia to recommend new forms of clinical and therapeutic collision. The approach of the present study is of quantitative, not experimental, descriptive character, analytical, retrospectively and transversely, 356 patients constitute the sample, as proved 68 % of the whole of cases (241 patients) was of the masculine sex and 32 % (115 patients) was of feminine sex, the most common subtype was the paranoid schizophrenia with 197 patients (55 %), the alterations EEG bore in mind in 91 patients (26 %), The types of alterations electroencefalográficas that with major frequency appeared were the activity Theta-Delta post-hyperventilation in 22 %, frontal slow waves in 20 %, rhythm of slow fund in 18 %, these registered with major frequency in the subtypes paranoid in 44 %, not specified in 21 % and schizophrenia hebefrénica in 17 %, other variables like the number of returns, changes of the therapeutic scheme, hospitable stay they were major in those patients who were presenting alterations in the tracing. The investigation allows to conclude that the presence of alterations EEG they affect in a direct way in the prognosis of the Schizophrenia therefore it is necessary to establish the EEG as diagnostic test of protocol to every patient with schizophrenia
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ESQUIZOFRENIA, ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO, ENFERMDAD PSIQUIATRICA, HOSPITAL PSIQUIATRICO NEUROCIENCIA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR