Diversidad y abundancia de Macroinvertebrados acuáticos en cinco ríos del Cantón Valencia (Los Ríos-Ecuador) y el uso de índices biológicos para estimar la calidad de agua
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales
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En el presente estudio se determinó la diversidad y abundancia de macroinvertebrados en los ríos de la zona norte de la provincia de Los Ríos y estimar la calidad del agua mediante el uso de índices biológicos. Para ello se empleó el método de colecta de red “D” durante la época seca desde el año 2013 al 2015 en los siguientes sitios de muestreos EL Congo (EC); La Victoria (LV); Toachi Chico (TC); Guantupí (GU); La Victoria Intervenido (LVI); El Congo Intervenido (ECI); La Damita Plantaciones (LDP). Se identificaron un total de 16 ordenes, 70 familias, con 9843 individuos de macroinvertebrados dentro de los siete puntos de muestreo durante época seca, la familias Aetidae, Chironomidae, Corydalidae, Elmidae, Hydrobiosidae, Hydropsychidae, Leptoceridae, Leptohyphidae, Leptophlebiidae, Libellulidae, Naucoridae, Ptilodactylidae y Tipulidae, registraron mayor presencia. Se calcularon los índices de Diversidad de Shannon, la prueba de t, índice de similitud de Jaccard y se realizó Escalamiento Multidimensional no Paramétrico (NMDS), utilizando software PAST 2.02. Los valores más significativos de diversidad se registraron en el sitio de muestreo Guantupi (2,856) a diferencia de La Victoria con 2,406. El análisis clúster de las unidades de muestreo reveló una agrupación de 3 clúster todos por encima del 48.8 % de similaridad utilizando el parámetro de Jaccard. El Índice Biótico de Familias – El Salvador (IBF-SV-2010) que expone valores de calidad de agua desde regular a muy buena y coincide con los parámetros físicos químicos.
In the present study, the diversity and abundance of macroinvertebrates in the rivers of the northern region of the province of Los Ríos were determined and the water quality was estimated using biological indexes. For this purpose, the "D" network collection method was used during the dry season from 2013 to 2015 at the following EL Congo sampling sites; The Victory (LV); Toachi Chico (TC); Guantupí (GU); The Victory Intervened (LVI); The Congo Intervened (ECI); The Damita Plantations (LDP). A total of 16 orders, 70 families, were identified with 9843 macroinvertebrate individuals within the seven sampling points during the dry season, the families Aetidae, Chironomidae, Corydalidae, Elmidae, Hydrobiosidae, Hydropsychidae, Leptoceridae, Leptohyphidae, Leptophlebiidae, Libellulidae, Naucoridae , Ptilodactylidae and Tipulidae, were more frequent. The Shannon Diversity indices, the t-test, Jaccard similarity index, and Non-Parametric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) were calculated using PAST 2.02 software. The most significant diversity values were recorded at the Guantupi sampling site (2,856) unlike La Victoria with 2,406. The cluster analysis of the sampling units revealed a clustering of all 3 cluster above the 48.8% similarity using the Jaccard parameter. The Biotic Index of Families - El Salvador (IBF-SV-2010) that exposes values of water quality from regular to very good and coincides with the physical chemical parameters.
In the present study, the diversity and abundance of macroinvertebrates in the rivers of the northern region of the province of Los Ríos were determined and the water quality was estimated using biological indexes. For this purpose, the "D" network collection method was used during the dry season from 2013 to 2015 at the following EL Congo sampling sites; The Victory (LV); Toachi Chico (TC); Guantupí (GU); The Victory Intervened (LVI); The Congo Intervened (ECI); The Damita Plantations (LDP). A total of 16 orders, 70 families, were identified with 9843 macroinvertebrate individuals within the seven sampling points during the dry season, the families Aetidae, Chironomidae, Corydalidae, Elmidae, Hydrobiosidae, Hydropsychidae, Leptoceridae, Leptohyphidae, Leptophlebiidae, Libellulidae, Naucoridae , Ptilodactylidae and Tipulidae, were more frequent. The Shannon Diversity indices, the t-test, Jaccard similarity index, and Non-Parametric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) were calculated using PAST 2.02 software. The most significant diversity values were recorded at the Guantupi sampling site (2,856) unlike La Victoria with 2,406. The cluster analysis of the sampling units revealed a clustering of all 3 cluster above the 48.8% similarity using the Jaccard parameter. The Biotic Index of Families - El Salvador (IBF-SV-2010) that exposes values of water quality from regular to very good and coincides with the physical chemical parameters.
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DIVERSIDAD, BIOINDICADORES, SIMILARIDAD, MACROINVERTEBRADOS