Trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor de Guayaquil el 2015
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
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Introducción: Los trastornos hipertensivos más frecuentes y propios del embarazo se caracterizan por incremento de la TA igual o mayor a 140/90 mm Hg; son también un problema de salud pública y es una de las más importantes causas de mortalidad materna de países en desarrollo.
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de los trastornos hipertensivos en embarazadas atendidas en la maternidad Enrique Sotomayor de Guayaquil, durante el 2015.
Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo, transversal y observacional, con análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial.
Resultados: De 30.643egresos en el 2015, 29202 eran embarazadas y de ellas hubo2510 (8,6%) con THE. Hubo prevalencia de 68.5% de preeclampsia y 3.8% de eclampsia, con mayor frecuencia en edades entre 21-30 años.
Discusión: La variable más destacada fue edad, 4 de cada 10 casos habían desarrollado preeclampsia entre 29-30 años y 1 de cada 4 embarazadas de igual o menor a 20 años desarrolló eclampsia dato que coincide con fuentes bibliográficas internacionales.
Conclusiones: aproximadamente 1 de 10 pacientesdel estudio padecieron THE a pesar de recursos preventivos y diagnósticos, continua como problema de salud pública. Un (83.3%) de las gestantes terminaron su embarazo en cesárea, 1 de cada diez casos culmino en aborto. Existe una correlación inversa entre la edad y la proporción de casos de hipertensión gestacional con eclampsia, sonconvenientelos controles prenatales orientados a la detección oportuna de este trastorno y con énfasis en la población femenina en edad fértil.
Introduction: The most frequent and typical hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are characterized by an increase in BP equal to or greater than 140/90 mm Hg; Are also a public health problem and one of the most important causes of maternal mortality in developing countries. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women attended at the Enrique Sotomayor maternity hospital in Guayaquil, during 2015. Methodology: Quantitative, retrospective, transversal and observational study, with descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: Of 30,643 discharges in 2015, 29202 were pregnant and of them there were 2510 (8.6%) with THE. There was a prevalence of 68.5% of preeclampsia and 3.8% of eclampsia, most frequently between the ages of 21-30 years. Discussion: The most prominent variable was age, 4 out of 10 cases had developed preeclampsia between 29-30 years and 1 in 4 pregnant women of equal or less than 20 years developed eclampsia data that coincides with international bibliographic sources. Conclusions: Approximately 1 of 10 patients in the study suffered from THE despite preventive and diagnostic resources, continuing as a public health problem. One (83.3%) of the pregnant women ended their pregnancy in cesarean section, 1 in 10 cases culminating in abortion. There is an inverse correlation between age and the proportion of cases of gestational hypertension with eclampsia. Prenatal controls aimed at the timely detection of this disorder and with emphasis on the female population of childbearing age are desirable.
Introduction: The most frequent and typical hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are characterized by an increase in BP equal to or greater than 140/90 mm Hg; Are also a public health problem and one of the most important causes of maternal mortality in developing countries. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women attended at the Enrique Sotomayor maternity hospital in Guayaquil, during 2015. Methodology: Quantitative, retrospective, transversal and observational study, with descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: Of 30,643 discharges in 2015, 29202 were pregnant and of them there were 2510 (8.6%) with THE. There was a prevalence of 68.5% of preeclampsia and 3.8% of eclampsia, most frequently between the ages of 21-30 years. Discussion: The most prominent variable was age, 4 out of 10 cases had developed preeclampsia between 29-30 years and 1 in 4 pregnant women of equal or less than 20 years developed eclampsia data that coincides with international bibliographic sources. Conclusions: Approximately 1 of 10 patients in the study suffered from THE despite preventive and diagnostic resources, continuing as a public health problem. One (83.3%) of the pregnant women ended their pregnancy in cesarean section, 1 in 10 cases culminating in abortion. There is an inverse correlation between age and the proportion of cases of gestational hypertension with eclampsia. Prenatal controls aimed at the timely detection of this disorder and with emphasis on the female population of childbearing age are desirable.
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Embarazo, Hipertensión inducida en el embarazo, Estudios retrospectivos, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor