Correlación entre la presión del manguito del tubo endotraqueal y los síntomas laringotraqueales en postoperatorio
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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RESUMEN Introducción: Las presiones para sellar la vía aérea con un tubo endotraqueal no siempre se ajustan a las recomendaciones, es frecuente la hiperinsuflación lo cual provoca daño a la mucosa traqueal y síntomas en el posoperatorio. Objetivo: Determinar la correlación entre la presión aplicada en el manguito del tubo endotraqueal y los síntomas laringotraqueales en el postoperatorio inmediato en el Hospital Luis Vernaza en el periodo enero a diciembre del 2022. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio longitudinal con una muestra de 324 pacientes sometidos a un procedimiento quirúrgico bajo anestesia general del Hospital Luis Vernaza. Se analizan variables clínicas y las presiones de insuflación. Los datos se analizaron con el programa SPSS mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Se consideró resultados estadísticamente significativos a los valores de p<0.05. Resultados: el promedio de edad fue de 50.15±17.12 años, el 15.1% tuvo presiones bajas, el 29.9% presiones normales y el 54.9% presiones altas. El 48.8% manifestó algún síntoma en el posoperatorio, principalmente tos 26.5% y sensación de cuerpo extraño 16.0%. Los factores asociados fueron el sexo OR 1.70 IC95%: 1.08-2.68; el método usado OR2.77 IC95%: 1.68 – 4.58; el número de tubo OR 0.06 IC95%: 0.37 – 0.92; las presiones del manguito OR 5.88 IC95%: 3.62-9.55 y el tiempo de intubación OR 4.11 IC95%: 1.34-12-57. Conclusiones: las presiones del manguito del tubo endotraqueal y otros factores se correlacionan con la sintomatología en el posoperatorio. Palabras clave: intubación endotraqueal, presión del manguito, complicaciones, síntomas respiratorios.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The pressures to seal the airway with an endotracheal tube do not always comply with the recommendations, hyperinflation is frequent, which causes damage to the tracheal mucosa and postoperative symptoms. Objective: To determine the correlation between the pressure applied to the endotracheal tube cuff and laryngotracheal symptoms in the immediate postoperative period at the Luis Vernaza Hospital from January to December 2022. Materials and methods: a longitudinal study was carried out with a sample of 324 patients undergoing a surgical procedure under general anesthesia at the Luis Vernaza Hospital. Clinical variables and inflation pressures are analyzed. The data was analyzed with the SPSS program using descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistically significant results were considered at values of p<0.05. Results: the average age was 50.15 ± 17.12 years, 15.1% had low blood pressure, 29.9% normal blood pressure and 54.9% high blood pressure. 48.8% manifested some symptom in the postoperative period, mainly cough 26.5% and foreign body sensation 16.0%. The associated factors were sex OR 1.70 95%CI: 1.08-2.68; the method used OR2.77 95%CI: 1.68 – 4.58; the number of tube OR 0.06 IC95%: 0.37 – 0.92; cuff pressures OR 5.88 IC95%: 3.62- 9.55 and intubation time OR 4.11 IC95%: 1.34-12-57. Conclusions: endotracheal tube cuff pressures and other factors correlate with postoperative symptomatology. Keywords: endotracheal intubation, cuff pressure, complications, respiratory symptoms.
ABSTRACT Introduction: The pressures to seal the airway with an endotracheal tube do not always comply with the recommendations, hyperinflation is frequent, which causes damage to the tracheal mucosa and postoperative symptoms. Objective: To determine the correlation between the pressure applied to the endotracheal tube cuff and laryngotracheal symptoms in the immediate postoperative period at the Luis Vernaza Hospital from January to December 2022. Materials and methods: a longitudinal study was carried out with a sample of 324 patients undergoing a surgical procedure under general anesthesia at the Luis Vernaza Hospital. Clinical variables and inflation pressures are analyzed. The data was analyzed with the SPSS program using descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistically significant results were considered at values of p<0.05. Results: the average age was 50.15 ± 17.12 years, 15.1% had low blood pressure, 29.9% normal blood pressure and 54.9% high blood pressure. 48.8% manifested some symptom in the postoperative period, mainly cough 26.5% and foreign body sensation 16.0%. The associated factors were sex OR 1.70 95%CI: 1.08-2.68; the method used OR2.77 95%CI: 1.68 – 4.58; the number of tube OR 0.06 IC95%: 0.37 – 0.92; cuff pressures OR 5.88 IC95%: 3.62- 9.55 and intubation time OR 4.11 IC95%: 1.34-12-57. Conclusions: endotracheal tube cuff pressures and other factors correlate with postoperative symptomatology. Keywords: endotracheal intubation, cuff pressure, complications, respiratory symptoms.
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INTUBACION INTRATRAQUEAL, SIGNOS Y SINTOMAS, POSOPERATORIO, HOSPITAL LUIS VERNAZA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, INSUFLACION, ESTADISTICAS NO PARAMETRICAS