Espesor placentario como predictor de crecimiento fetal en gestantes de 20 a 24 semanas
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: La placenta es un órgano creado durante el embarazo, que influye fundamentalmente en varios procesos fetales, con repercusiones en la vida extrauterina. Se ha supuesto que su desarrollo morfológico se encontraría en asociación con el crecimiento fetal, pero esto es controversial por lo que se desarrolló un estudio con el objetivo de establecer el valor de la medición del espesor placentario (EP) para predecir tempranamente déficit de crecimiento fetal
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en Guayaquil–Ecuador, en el que se incluyeron de manera no probabilística 104 gestantes con embarazos simples, con FUM confiable, que consintieron su participación. Las participantes fueron evaluadas con ecografía y se midió el EP por técnica convencional. Los datos fueron comparados con los pesos fetales al nacer.
Resultados: En el grupo de peso bajo, la proporción de pacientes con EP < 25 mm fue menor que en el grupo sin peso bajo (33,3% vs 40,8%; P 0,7168). En el grupo de peso elevado no se reportó pacientes con EP > 40 mm y existió una prevalencia baja entre pacientes sin peso elevado (0% vs 4,2%; P 0,5560). La comparación de las medias del EP en los grupos de PEG, AEG y GEG no se presentó diferencia estadística (25,86 ± 3,7 / 25,79 ± 6 / 28,29 ± 4,1 mm; P 0,477)
Conclusiones: El espesor de la placenta no predice el crecimiento fetal.
Background: The placenta is an organ created during pregnancy, which mainly influences several fetal processes, with repercussions on extra uterine life. It has been assumed that its morphological development would be found in association with fetal growth, but this is controversial, so a study was developed with the objective of establishing the value of placental thickness measurement (TP) to predict early fetal growth deficit Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital in Guayaquil-Ecuador, in which 104 pregnant women with simple pregnancies were included in a non-probabilistic manner, with reliable FUM, who consented to their participation. The participants were evaluated with ultrasound and PE was measured by conventional technique. The data were compared with the fetal weights at birth. Results: In the low weight group, the proportion of patients with TP < 25 mm was lower than in the group without low weight (33.3% vs 40.8%, P 0.7168). In the high-weight group, no patients with TP > 40 mm were reported and there was a low prevalence among patients without high weight (0% vs 4.2%, P 0.5560). The comparison of the means of the EP in the groups of SGA, AGA and LGA did not show statistical difference (25.86 ± 3.7 / 25.79 ± 6 / 28.29 ± 4.1 mm; P 0.477) Conclusions: The thickness of the placenta does not predict fetal growth.
Background: The placenta is an organ created during pregnancy, which mainly influences several fetal processes, with repercussions on extra uterine life. It has been assumed that its morphological development would be found in association with fetal growth, but this is controversial, so a study was developed with the objective of establishing the value of placental thickness measurement (TP) to predict early fetal growth deficit Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital in Guayaquil-Ecuador, in which 104 pregnant women with simple pregnancies were included in a non-probabilistic manner, with reliable FUM, who consented to their participation. The participants were evaluated with ultrasound and PE was measured by conventional technique. The data were compared with the fetal weights at birth. Results: In the low weight group, the proportion of patients with TP < 25 mm was lower than in the group without low weight (33.3% vs 40.8%, P 0.7168). In the high-weight group, no patients with TP > 40 mm were reported and there was a low prevalence among patients without high weight (0% vs 4.2%, P 0.5560). The comparison of the means of the EP in the groups of SGA, AGA and LGA did not show statistical difference (25.86 ± 3.7 / 25.79 ± 6 / 28.29 ± 4.1 mm; P 0.477) Conclusions: The thickness of the placenta does not predict fetal growth.
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Mujeres embarazadas, Placenta, Crecimiento fetal, Atención prenatal, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador