Los politraumatismos por accidentes de tránsito vehicular y motorizados en emergencia, plan de manejo inicial
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Fecha
2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Los politraumatismos son lesiones múltiples que
comprometen la vida de las personas constituye el 18% a nivel mundial y el
68 % de mortalidad entre menores de 40 años, en Ecuador es un problema
de salud pública importante. El 12% presentan secuelas físicas, neurológicas
y motrices, generadoras de invalidez parcial o total y una tasa de mortalidad
del 15%. Objetivos: Determinar los politraumatismos por accidentes de
tránsitos vehiculares y motorizados en emergencia del hospital Jipijapa y
plan de manejo inicial. Metodología: tipo cuantitativo analítico de corte
trasversal, en emergencia del Hospital Básico Jipijapa desde enero a junio
2016, la muestra quedo formada por 113 casos con diagnóstico de
politraumatismos por accidente de tránsito. Resultados: Observándose que
pacientes politraumatizados pertenecen sexo masculino (63%) menores de
40 años (68%), provocados por vehículos (68%) y motorizados (32%), los
traumatismos leves (42%) y los traumatismos craneoencefálicos (21%).
Conclusión se precisa de una propuesta de intervención de mucho impacto
para la concientización de los profesionales de la salud y así evitar a futuro
las complicaciones de pacientes politraumatizados. El presente está dirigido
a los profesionales de salud para el manejo inicial de los pacientes
politraumatizados, teniendo como propósito proporcionar un protocolo de
atención como propuesta de intervención para evitar complicaciones y
secuelas mortales.
Background: Polytrauma are multiple injuries that compromise the lives of people constitute 18% worldwide and 68% of mortality among children under 40 years in Ecuador is a major public health problem. 12% present physical, neurological and motor sequelae, generating partial or total disability and a mortality rate of 15%. Objectives: To determine the polytrauma due to vehicular and motorized traffic accidents in emergency of the Jipijapa hospital and initial management plan. Methodology: quantitative analytical cross-sectional type, in emergency of the Jipijapa Basic Hospital from January to June 2016, the sample was formed by 113 cases with a diagnosis of polytrauma due to traffic accident. Results: We observed that polytraumatized patients were male (63%) younger than 40 years old (68%), caused by vehicles (68%) and motorized (32%), mild traumatisms (42%) and head injuries (21%). Conclusion. Requires a proposal of intervention of great impact for the conscientization of health professionals and thus avoid future complications of polytrauma patients. The present is aimed at health professionals for the initial management of polytrauma patients, with the purpose of providing a care protocol as a proposal for intervention to avoid complications and deadly sequelae.
Background: Polytrauma are multiple injuries that compromise the lives of people constitute 18% worldwide and 68% of mortality among children under 40 years in Ecuador is a major public health problem. 12% present physical, neurological and motor sequelae, generating partial or total disability and a mortality rate of 15%. Objectives: To determine the polytrauma due to vehicular and motorized traffic accidents in emergency of the Jipijapa hospital and initial management plan. Methodology: quantitative analytical cross-sectional type, in emergency of the Jipijapa Basic Hospital from January to June 2016, the sample was formed by 113 cases with a diagnosis of polytrauma due to traffic accident. Results: We observed that polytraumatized patients were male (63%) younger than 40 years old (68%), caused by vehicles (68%) and motorized (32%), mild traumatisms (42%) and head injuries (21%). Conclusion. Requires a proposal of intervention of great impact for the conscientization of health professionals and thus avoid future complications of polytrauma patients. The present is aimed at health professionals for the initial management of polytrauma patients, with the purpose of providing a care protocol as a proposal for intervention to avoid complications and deadly sequelae.
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Politraumatismos, Accidentes de tránsito, Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital, Planes y programas de salud, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital Básico JIpijapa, Cantón Jipijapa, Ecuador