Complicaciones postquirúrgicas en apendicitis pediátricas
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: En la apendicitis aguda, las complicaciones pueden presentarse con alto riesgo para la recuperación apropiada del paciente, las misma pueden ser inmediatas, mediatas o tardías. Problema: Se han considerado como factores que predisponen las complicaciones la edad, género, el tratamiento previo antes de su ingreso y tiempo que transcurre desde las manifestaciones clínicas hasta su tratamiento, debido a lo cual es importante realizar el diagnóstico adecuado y temprano. Objetivo: Determinar las complicaciones postquirúrgicas en apendicectomías realizadas en edad pediátrica, Hospital IESS Ceibos, 2017-2022 Metodología: El estudio es de carácter descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal en pacientes con edad comprendida entre 0 a 15 años, con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda atendidos en el hospital desde el 2017 al 2022. Resultados: Se identificó la prevalencia de pacientes entre 6 a 10 años (57,8%) de sexo masculino (56,7%) y procedentes del Guayas (71,7%); más del 50% presentaron dolor abdominal, náuseas, vómitos, fiebre, anorexia y diarreas. La complicaciones más frecuentes fueron la infección del sitio quirúrgico (45,5%), Íleo Paralítico (19%), disfunción intestinal (43,7%), obstrucción intestinal mecánica (28,2%) y absceso hepático (18,2%). En cuanto a los factores de riesgo, se identificaron los antecedentes de estreñimiento (64%), la automedicación (55,2%) y el ser intervenido quirúrgicamente con más de 12 horas de haber llegado al hospital (59,2%). Conclusiones: Las complicaciones postoperatorias en apendicitis aguda no están relacionados con las características demográficas (valor p >0.05). Palabras clave: Apendicitis aguda, complicaciones postquirúrgicas, pacientes pediátricos, características demográficas, características clínicas.
Background: In acute appendicitis, complications can occur with a high risk for the proper recovery of the patient, they can be immediate, mediate or late. Problem: Age, gender, previous treatment before admission and time elapsed from clinical manifestations to treatment have been considered as factors that predispose to complications, due to which it is important to make an adequate and early diagnosis. Objective: To determine the post-surgical complications in appendectomies performed in pediatric age, Hospital IESS Ceibos, 2017-2022 Methodology: The study is descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional in patients aged 0 to 15 years, with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis treated at the hospital from 2017 to 2022. Results: The prevalence of male patients between 6 to 10 years of age (57.8%) (56.7%) and from Guayas (71.7%) was identified; more than 50% presented abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, anorexia and diarrhea. The most frequent complications were surgical site infection (45.5%), paralytic ileus (19%), intestinal dysfunction (43.7%), mechanical intestinal obstruction (28.2%), and liver abscess (18.2%). ). Regarding the risk factors, a history of constipation (64%), self-medication (55.2%) and having undergone surgery more than 12 hours after arriving at the hospital (59.2%) were identified. Conclusions: Postoperative complications in acute appendicitis are not related to demographic characteristics (p value >0.05). Keywords: Acute appendicitis, postoperative complications, pediatric patients, demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics.
Background: In acute appendicitis, complications can occur with a high risk for the proper recovery of the patient, they can be immediate, mediate or late. Problem: Age, gender, previous treatment before admission and time elapsed from clinical manifestations to treatment have been considered as factors that predispose to complications, due to which it is important to make an adequate and early diagnosis. Objective: To determine the post-surgical complications in appendectomies performed in pediatric age, Hospital IESS Ceibos, 2017-2022 Methodology: The study is descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional in patients aged 0 to 15 years, with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis treated at the hospital from 2017 to 2022. Results: The prevalence of male patients between 6 to 10 years of age (57.8%) (56.7%) and from Guayas (71.7%) was identified; more than 50% presented abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, anorexia and diarrhea. The most frequent complications were surgical site infection (45.5%), paralytic ileus (19%), intestinal dysfunction (43.7%), mechanical intestinal obstruction (28.2%), and liver abscess (18.2%). ). Regarding the risk factors, a history of constipation (64%), self-medication (55.2%) and having undergone surgery more than 12 hours after arriving at the hospital (59.2%) were identified. Conclusions: Postoperative complications in acute appendicitis are not related to demographic characteristics (p value >0.05). Keywords: Acute appendicitis, postoperative complications, pediatric patients, demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics.
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PEDIATRIA, APENDICITIS, COMPLICACIONES POSOPERATORIAS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL IESS LOS CEIBOS, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR