Determinación de la carga viral plasmática del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana como monitoreo de la terapia antirretroviral, Hospital Regional IESS Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2009 - 2010
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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El Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA), es una enfermedad infecto-contagiosa producida por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), se propaga por contacto sexual y sanguíneo (transmisión horizontal) y de madre sero-positiva/hijo durante el embarazo, parto o lactancia materna (transmisión vertical). La OMS en la conferencia internacional SIDA 2010 indico que a finales de 2009, 5,2 millones de personas recibían tratamiento contra el VIH, frente a los 4 millones que se beneficiaban de estas terapias en 2008. Se consideran que diversos factores como replicación compleja del virus, forma de transmisión, falta de fármacos preventivos, entre otros, han hecho que esta enfermedad este diezmando a la humanidad. Si a esto se agrega que los métodos de diagnóstico y control tienen sensibilidad y especificidad variables, el panorama se convierte sombrío para los pacientes portadores del VIH. En este contexto la utilización de marcadores moleculares que permiten cuantificar la carga vírica, como en caso de los virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 (VIH-1), es esencial para el manejo de los pacientes infectados, al ser indicadores directos de un proceso de replicación viral activa. Con el nivel de la técnica de la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR) en el Hospital Regional 2 del IESS “Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” durante el periodo 2009-2010, por medio de un estudio de tipo descriptivo-correlacional, de diseño no experimental, longitudinal, retrospectivo, se obtienen resultados por medidas de tendencia central. 100 pacientes conformaron el estudio, todos bajo tratamientos antiretrovirales (TAR), el 86% correspondió al género masculino. El rango de edad comprendida entre 21 - 40años fue el 65%, en relación al 35% de los >41 años de edad y manifestaciôn de enfermedad activa del 63%. La reducción de la carga viral >70 correspondió al 69%, con un 76% de la serie manejado con triple esquema anti-retroviral.
The syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS), is a contagious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus, spread by blood and sexual contact (horizontal transmission) and mother sero-positive/child during pregnancy, birth or breast-feeding (vertical transmission). WHO in the AIDS 2010 Conference indicate that at the end of 2009, 5.2 million people were receiving HIV treatment, compared to 4 million who benefited from these therapies in 2008. They are considered that several factors such as complex virus replication, form of transmission, lack of preventive drugs, 3among others, have made this disease this decimating humanity. Add to this that the methods of diagnosis and control have sensitivity and specificity variables, the scenario becomes gloomy for patients with HIV. In this context the use of molecular markers that allow quantifying the viral load, as in the case of the immunodeficiency virus human type 1 (HIV-1), is essential for the management of infected patients, to be direct indicators of viral replication process active. With the technique’s level of the Polymerasa chain reaction (PCR) in the hospital Regional 2 – IESS “Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” during the period 2009-2010 trough a descriptive- correlative of no experimental, longitudinal, retrospective design, getting results validated by centre tendency measurements, 100 patients where part of the study, all of them under antiretroviral treatments, the 86% corresponded to male gender. The age rank was between 21-40 years old was 65%, in relation to 35% of the > 41 years old and active illness manifestation of 68% the viral load reduction >70 was 69%, with a 76% of the serie treated with a triple antiretroviral.
The syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS), is a contagious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency (HIV) virus, spread by blood and sexual contact (horizontal transmission) and mother sero-positive/child during pregnancy, birth or breast-feeding (vertical transmission). WHO in the AIDS 2010 Conference indicate that at the end of 2009, 5.2 million people were receiving HIV treatment, compared to 4 million who benefited from these therapies in 2008. They are considered that several factors such as complex virus replication, form of transmission, lack of preventive drugs, 3among others, have made this disease this decimating humanity. Add to this that the methods of diagnosis and control have sensitivity and specificity variables, the scenario becomes gloomy for patients with HIV. In this context the use of molecular markers that allow quantifying the viral load, as in the case of the immunodeficiency virus human type 1 (HIV-1), is essential for the management of infected patients, to be direct indicators of viral replication process active. With the technique’s level of the Polymerasa chain reaction (PCR) in the hospital Regional 2 – IESS “Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo” during the period 2009-2010 trough a descriptive- correlative of no experimental, longitudinal, retrospective design, getting results validated by centre tendency measurements, 100 patients where part of the study, all of them under antiretroviral treatments, the 86% corresponded to male gender. The age rank was between 21-40 years old was 65%, in relation to 35% of the > 41 years old and active illness manifestation of 68% the viral load reduction >70 was 69%, with a 76% of the serie treated with a triple antiretroviral.
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VIRUS DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA HUMANA, REACCION EN CADENA DE LA POLIMERASA, ANTIRRETROVIRALES, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, CARGA VIRAL