Adaptación de cuatro genotipos de pimiento Capsicum annuum L. cultivados con dos distancias de siembra
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Fecha
2017
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El ensayo se realizó en la finca del Colegio “COBATEFIC” ubicada en el barrio
28 de enero del cantón Cumandá al sur-occidente de la provincia de
Chimborazo. Sus coordenadas son 2°12'32,87" S y 79°8,50'56" W, con 340
msnm. Los objetivos fueron: a) Evaluar las variables fisiológicas y de
producción del cultivo. b) Determinar el efecto de las distancias de siembra
sobre el cultivo de pimiento. c) Analizar la relación beneficio costo de los
tratamientos estudiados.
Se realizó la investigación con cuatro genotipos y dos distancias de siembra,
cuyas combinaciones resultaron en ocho tratamientos, se utilizó el diseño de
bloques completamente al azar (DBCA) con arreglo factorial 4 x 2 y con cuatro
repeticiones. Para la comparación de las medias se utilizó la prueba de rangos
múltiples de Tukey con el 5% de probabilidad. Se estudiaron en total nueve
variables.
Se concluyó: a) El híbrido Quetzal, presentó el mayor promedio en; altura de
planta, días a la cosecha, número de frutos por planta y rendimiento en kg/ha,
superando estadísticamente a los demás híbridos estudiados en características
agronómicas; b) La distancia de siembra dos (0,50 m x 0,70 m), respondió
favorablemente en el manejo del cultivo y presentó la mayor producción y
rendimiento; c) La relación beneficio costo en el mayor rendimiento lo presentó
el hibrido Quetzal y la distancia (0,35 m x 0,70 m); d) La mejor rentabilidad fue
para el tratamiento dos con el genotipo Quetzal y la distancia de siembra dos
(0,50 m. x 0,70 m).
The test was carried out in the farm of the school "COBATEFIC" located in 28 de Enero district, Cumandá Canton, south-west of Chimborazo province. Its coordinates are 2 ° 12'32.87 "S and 79 ° 8.50'56" W, with 340 masl. The objectives were as follows: a) Evaluate the physiological and production variables of the crop. B) Determine the effect of planting distances on pepper crop. C) Analyze the cost-benefit relation of the treatments under study. The research was carried out with four genotypes and two sowing distances, whose combinations resulted in eight treatments, using a completely randomized block design (DBCA) with factorial arrangement 4 x 2 and four replications. In terms of the comparison of the means, the Tukey's multiple range test was used with a 5% probability. A total of nine variables were studied. In conclusion: a) Quetzal hybrid, presented the highest average in terms of Plant height, harvest period, number of fruits per plant and yield in kg / ha, statistically surpassing other hybrids under study with agronomic characteristics. B) The second planting distance (0.50 mx 0.70 m), responded favorably to crop management and showed the highest production and yield. C) The cost benefit ratio in the highest yield was presented by the hybrid Quetzal and distance (0.35 m x 0.70 m). D) The best profitability was for treatment five with the genotype Quetzal and the second planting distance (0.50 mx 0.70 m).
The test was carried out in the farm of the school "COBATEFIC" located in 28 de Enero district, Cumandá Canton, south-west of Chimborazo province. Its coordinates are 2 ° 12'32.87 "S and 79 ° 8.50'56" W, with 340 masl. The objectives were as follows: a) Evaluate the physiological and production variables of the crop. B) Determine the effect of planting distances on pepper crop. C) Analyze the cost-benefit relation of the treatments under study. The research was carried out with four genotypes and two sowing distances, whose combinations resulted in eight treatments, using a completely randomized block design (DBCA) with factorial arrangement 4 x 2 and four replications. In terms of the comparison of the means, the Tukey's multiple range test was used with a 5% probability. A total of nine variables were studied. In conclusion: a) Quetzal hybrid, presented the highest average in terms of Plant height, harvest period, number of fruits per plant and yield in kg / ha, statistically surpassing other hybrids under study with agronomic characteristics. B) The second planting distance (0.50 mx 0.70 m), responded favorably to crop management and showed the highest production and yield. C) The cost benefit ratio in the highest yield was presented by the hybrid Quetzal and distance (0.35 m x 0.70 m). D) The best profitability was for treatment five with the genotype Quetzal and the second planting distance (0.50 mx 0.70 m).
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Palabras clave
ADAPTACION, DISTANCIAMIENTO DE SIEMBRA, PIMIENTO, GENOTIPOS EN PIMIENTO