Similitud biogeográfica y ecología de las comunidades de Anuros en el occidente de Ecuador
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2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Entre febrero del 2005 y octubre del 2011, se llevó a cabo la evaluación de la fauna anfibia en cuatro localidades de la Cordillera Chongón Colonche (CChC). Los anfibios se encontraron agrupados solamente en el Orden Anura con ocho familias y 24 especies, se determinó la abundancia y riqueza de especies para cada localidad y las similitudes biogeográficas entre localidades. También se hicieron comparaciones con otras localidades del occidente de Ecuador. La mayor diversidad alfa está en la región del Chocó Ecuatorial. Resultados de un análisis de clúster y de un escalamiento multidimensional no métrico (2D-NMDS) sugieren que la región del Pacífico Ecuatorial actúa como una zona de transición entre las regiones del Chocó Ecuatorial y Tumbes Ecuatorial. La región de los Andes occidentales fue la más disímil y presentando un mayor recambio de especies respecto a las localidades. Se evaluó si la distancia geográfica, diferencias de altitud entre localidades, la temperatura y la precipitación afectan los patrones de distribución de los anuros, demostrando que existe una correlación positiva significativa. El estado de conservación de los anuros registrados es estable, aunque existen especies dentro de categorías de amenaza de la UICN y las listas rojas de Ecuador. Dado al pobre conocimiento de la composición y diversidad de anfibios de la Cordillera es muy importante esta investigación, la que aporta como una línea base para futuros programas de conservación.
Between February 2005 and October 2011, the assessment of the amphibian fauna was conducted in four localities of the Cordillera Chongón Colonche (CChC). Amphibians were found clustered in the order Anura with eight families and 24 species, abundance and species richness for each locality is determined and the biogeographical similarities between locations. Comparisons were made with other sites in western Ecuador. Most alpha diversity is in the region of Equatorial Choco. Results of cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (2D-NMDS) suggest that the Equatorial Pacific region acts as a transition zone between the regions of Equatorial Chocó and Equatorial Tumbes. The region of the western Andes was the most dissimilar and having a higher turnover of species for locations. We assessed whether the geographical distance, altitude differences between sites, altitude, temperature and precipitation affect distribution patterns of anurans, showing that there is a significant positive correlation. The conservation status of registered anurans is stable, although there are species in threatened categories of IUCN and Ecuador Red List. Given the poor knowledge of the composition and diversity of amphibians in the Cordillera it is very important this research, which provides a baseline for future conservation programs.
Between February 2005 and October 2011, the assessment of the amphibian fauna was conducted in four localities of the Cordillera Chongón Colonche (CChC). Amphibians were found clustered in the order Anura with eight families and 24 species, abundance and species richness for each locality is determined and the biogeographical similarities between locations. Comparisons were made with other sites in western Ecuador. Most alpha diversity is in the region of Equatorial Choco. Results of cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (2D-NMDS) suggest that the Equatorial Pacific region acts as a transition zone between the regions of Equatorial Chocó and Equatorial Tumbes. The region of the western Andes was the most dissimilar and having a higher turnover of species for locations. We assessed whether the geographical distance, altitude differences between sites, altitude, temperature and precipitation affect distribution patterns of anurans, showing that there is a significant positive correlation. The conservation status of registered anurans is stable, although there are species in threatened categories of IUCN and Ecuador Red List. Given the poor knowledge of the composition and diversity of amphibians in the Cordillera it is very important this research, which provides a baseline for future conservation programs.
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ANFIBIOS, DIVERSIDAD, BIOGEOGRAFÍA, CONSERVACIÓN, ECUADOR