Factores de riesgo de enfermedades diarréicas agudas en niños menores de 5 años, en la Clínica Mi Doctor, en el año 2016
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Se define como diarrea aguda al aumento de las deposiciones, con alteración de la consistencia normal de las heces, por un tiempo menor de 14 días. La diarrea es la segunda causa de muerte en niños menores de 5 años. El objetivo del estudio es determinar los factores de riesgo de padecer enfermedad diarreica aguda en niños menores de 5 años. Metodología: Es realizada con un enfoque cuantitativo, habiéndose realizado un estudio transversal, no experimental; mediante la recolección de información presente en las historias clínicas de los pacientes y las encuestas realizadas. Resultados: Existe una diferencia mínima entre los sexos, en el padecimiento de diarrea aguda, sexo masculino 52%, sexo femenino 48%. En cuestión de la edad, en los niños mayores de 5 años, se presentaron más casos de diarrea aguda. El 92% de niños con enfermedad diarreica aguda, tienen acceso a agua potable, 87% al alcantarillado y el 86% a la recolección de basura. El 84% no tiene cuidado en la preparación de las comidas: el 80% a veces se lava las manos antes de comer o después de ir al baño y el 81% no usa agua y jabón al lavarse las manos. Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgo obtenidos mayormente fueron los sociales, culturales y educativos, teniendo los factores socioeconómicos, poca significancia, debido a que la mayoría de hogares encuestados tenían acceso a todos los servicios básicos, como lo son: alcantarillado, agua potable, recolección de basura y calles asfaltadas
Acute diarrhea is defined as the Increase of depositions, with alteration of the normal stool consistency, of less than 14 days. Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under the age of 5 years. The objective of this study is to determine the risk factors for acute diarrheal disease in children under the age of 5 years. Methodology: this research was conducted with a quantitative approach, having a cross-sectional study, non-experimental; through the collection of information present in the clinical histories of the patients and the surveys carried out. Results: There is a difference between the sexes, in the suffering of acute diarrhea, 52% Male, Female sex 48%. In a matter of age, in children older than 5 years, there were more cases of acute diarrhea. The 92% of children with acute diarrheal disease, have access to clean water, 87% to 86% and the sewage to garbage collection. The 84% do not have watch out in the preparation of meals: the 80% sometimes washes his hands before eating or after going to the bathroom and 81% do not use soap and water to wash their hands. Conclusions: Risk factors obtained mostly were the social, cultural and educational, socio-economic factors, little significance, due to the fact that the majority of surveyed households had access to all basic services such as potable water, sewerage, garbage collection and paved streets.
Acute diarrhea is defined as the Increase of depositions, with alteration of the normal stool consistency, of less than 14 days. Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under the age of 5 years. The objective of this study is to determine the risk factors for acute diarrheal disease in children under the age of 5 years. Methodology: this research was conducted with a quantitative approach, having a cross-sectional study, non-experimental; through the collection of information present in the clinical histories of the patients and the surveys carried out. Results: There is a difference between the sexes, in the suffering of acute diarrhea, 52% Male, Female sex 48%. In a matter of age, in children older than 5 years, there were more cases of acute diarrhea. The 92% of children with acute diarrheal disease, have access to clean water, 87% to 86% and the sewage to garbage collection. The 84% do not have watch out in the preparation of meals: the 80% sometimes washes his hands before eating or after going to the bathroom and 81% do not use soap and water to wash their hands. Conclusions: Risk factors obtained mostly were the social, cultural and educational, socio-economic factors, little significance, due to the fact that the majority of surveyed households had access to all basic services such as potable water, sewerage, garbage collection and paved streets.
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DIARREA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, CLINICA MI DOCTOR, CANTON MACHALA, ECUADOR, PEDIATRIA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA