Utilidad de la razón normalizada internacional por electroquímico y foto-óptico en anticoagulados con reemplazo valvular mecánico
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedente: La Razón Normalizada Internacional es una útil herramienta para evaluar y monitorizar a los pacientes que se encuentran bajo una terapia anticoagulante oral, sobre todo a pacientes portadores de prótesis valvular tipo mecánico Objetivo: valorar la utilidad de la razón normalizada internacional por método foto-óptico frente al método electroquímico en pacientes anticoagulados con reemplazo valvular mecánico del Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en el periodo comprendido 2019-2020. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, observacional, correlacional e inferencial a 70 pacientes con prótesis valvular mecánica anticoagulados con warfarina, que acudieron a la consulta externa de cardiología, tomando muestra capilar para el equipo portátil CoaguChek XS con detección electroquímica y muestra venosa para el equipo automatizado CS-2500 con detección foto-óptica, el análisis estadístico se la realizó mediante correlación de Pearson. Resultados: Ambos métodos tienen correlación y son fiables para la determinación de INR en pacientes anticoagulados con warfarina sometidos a reemplazo valvular de tipo mecánico, teniendo como beneficios satisfacción del paciente, lo cual es crítico para asegurar una buena adherencia, disminución del tiempo en obtener los resultados de INR, ya que se los tendría en 60 segundos, menos gasto de insumos y reactivos, así como disminución de efectos adversos al no realizar toma de muestra invasivas a los pacientes. Conclusión: Existe una fuerte correlación tipo creciente entre los valores de las dos variables con valor de Pearson positivo mostrando ambos métodos arrojan resultados confiables para el manejo del paciente.
Palabras clave: Anticoagulantes, INR, Método Electroquímico, Método Fotoóptico
Background: The International Normalized Ratio is a useful tool to evaluate and monitor patients, who are under oral anticoagulant therapy, especially patients with mechanical valve prostheses. Objective: to assess the usefulness of the international normalized ratio by photo optical method versus electrochemical method in anticoagulated patients with mechanical valve replacement at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital in 2019-2020. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, correlational and inferential study was carried out in 70 patients with mechanical valve prostheses anticoagulated with warfarin , who attended the cardiology outpatient clinic, taking a capillary sample for the Coaguchek XS portable device with electrochemical detection and a venous sample for the CS-2500 automated device with photo-optical detection, the statistical analysis was performed through chi-square; comparison of means with Student's T-Test. Results: Both methods have correlation and are reliable for the determination of INR in patients anticoagulated with warfarin undergoing mechanical valve replacement, having as patient satisfaction, which is critical to ensure good adherence, reducing the time to obtain the results of INR, since they must be obtained in 60 seconds, less expense of supplies and reagents, as well as reduction of adverse effects by not performing invasive samples from patients. Conclusion: There is a strong increasing type correlation between the values of the two variables with a positive Pearson value, both methods showing reliable results for patient management. Keywords: Anticoagulants, INR, Electrochemical Method, Photo-optical Method
Background: The International Normalized Ratio is a useful tool to evaluate and monitor patients, who are under oral anticoagulant therapy, especially patients with mechanical valve prostheses. Objective: to assess the usefulness of the international normalized ratio by photo optical method versus electrochemical method in anticoagulated patients with mechanical valve replacement at the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Specialty Hospital in 2019-2020. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, correlational and inferential study was carried out in 70 patients with mechanical valve prostheses anticoagulated with warfarin , who attended the cardiology outpatient clinic, taking a capillary sample for the Coaguchek XS portable device with electrochemical detection and a venous sample for the CS-2500 automated device with photo-optical detection, the statistical analysis was performed through chi-square; comparison of means with Student's T-Test. Results: Both methods have correlation and are reliable for the determination of INR in patients anticoagulated with warfarin undergoing mechanical valve replacement, having as patient satisfaction, which is critical to ensure good adherence, reducing the time to obtain the results of INR, since they must be obtained in 60 seconds, less expense of supplies and reagents, as well as reduction of adverse effects by not performing invasive samples from patients. Conclusion: There is a strong increasing type correlation between the values of the two variables with a positive Pearson value, both methods showing reliable results for patient management. Keywords: Anticoagulants, INR, Electrochemical Method, Photo-optical Method
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Anticoagulantes, Indice internacional normalizado, Método electroquímico, Método fotoóptico, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador