Reflujo laringofaríngeo en adultos, diagnóstico mediante correlación clínica y laringoscopia rígida, Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro Maldonado Carbo período 2015-2016
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El reflujo laringofaríngeo (RLF) se define como el retorno del contenido gástrico hacia
la laringofaringe que se presenta como un síndrome caracterizado por laringitis crónica,
disfonía, excesivo aclaramiento faríngeo, tos crónica, sensación de globo faríngeo, etc.
La laringoscopia rígida es un dispositivo diseñado para la observación directa de las
estructuras de la orofaringe y laringe útil para el diagnóstico de reflujo laringofaríngeo
identificando los signos positivos de irritación laríngea. El objetivo general del estudio
fue determinar el reflujo laringofaríngeo en los adultos, su diagnóstico mediante la
correlación clínica y laringoscópica en el Hospital de Especialidades Teodoro
Maldonado Carbo durante el periodo 2015-2016. Los objetivos específicos fueron
identificar el número de pacientes con síntomas de reflujo laringofaríngeo que fueron
atendidos en el hospital, correlacionar los síntomas de reflujo laringofaríngeo con los
hallazgos de laringoscopía rígida y diseñar un protocolo de diagnóstico y tratamiento
del reflujo laringofaríngeo. Dentro de los resultados las manifestaciones clínicas más
frecuentes fueron la sensación de cuerpo extraño en la garganta con el 97% (200) y la
ronquera (91%), mientras que el 99% (205) presentó como hallazgo de laringoscopía
más común el eritema/hiperemia de las estructuras de la laringe. En conclusión, se
encontró que existe correlación estadísticamente significativa entre las manifestaciones
clínicas y los hallazgos de laringoscopía rígida (p=0,001) y se demostró que a medida
que aumenta la presencia de síntomas (aumento de puntuación de RSI) aumenta la
presencia de hallazgos laringoscópicos (aumento de la puntuación de RFS), lo cual
indica dependencia positiva entre las variables analizadas.
Palabras clave: reflujo laringofaríngeo, laringoscopía rígida, disfonía, inflamación
laringofaríngea.
The laryngopharyngeal reflux (LRR) is defined as the return of gastric contents to the laryngopharynx that presents as a syndrome characterized by chronic laryngitis, dysphonia, excessive pharyngeal clearance, chronic cough, pharyngeal balloon sensation, etc. Rigid laryngoscopy is a device designed for the direct observation of the structures of the oropharynx and larynx useful for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux, identifying the positive signs of laryngeal irritation. The general objective of the study was to determine the laryngopharyngeal reflux in adults, its diagnosis through clinical and laryngoscopic correlation in the Hospital of Specialties Teodoro Maldonado Carbo during the period 2015-2016. The specific objectives were to identify the number of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms who were treated in the hospital, to correlate the symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux with the findings of rigid laryngoscopy and to design a diagnostic protocol and treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Among the results, the most frequent clinical manifestations were the sensation of a foreign body in the throat with 97% (200) and hoarseness (91%), while 99% (205) presented erythema as the most common finding of laryngoscopy. / hyperemia of the structures of the larynx. In conclusion, it was found that there is statistically significant correlation between the clinical manifestations and the findings of rigid laryngoscopy (p = 0.001) and it was shown that as the presence of symptoms increases (increase in RSI score) the presence of laryngoscopic findings increases (increase in the RFS score), which indicates positive dependence among the variables analyzed.
The laryngopharyngeal reflux (LRR) is defined as the return of gastric contents to the laryngopharynx that presents as a syndrome characterized by chronic laryngitis, dysphonia, excessive pharyngeal clearance, chronic cough, pharyngeal balloon sensation, etc. Rigid laryngoscopy is a device designed for the direct observation of the structures of the oropharynx and larynx useful for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux, identifying the positive signs of laryngeal irritation. The general objective of the study was to determine the laryngopharyngeal reflux in adults, its diagnosis through clinical and laryngoscopic correlation in the Hospital of Specialties Teodoro Maldonado Carbo during the period 2015-2016. The specific objectives were to identify the number of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms who were treated in the hospital, to correlate the symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux with the findings of rigid laryngoscopy and to design a diagnostic protocol and treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux. Among the results, the most frequent clinical manifestations were the sensation of a foreign body in the throat with 97% (200) and hoarseness (91%), while 99% (205) presented erythema as the most common finding of laryngoscopy. / hyperemia of the structures of the larynx. In conclusion, it was found that there is statistically significant correlation between the clinical manifestations and the findings of rigid laryngoscopy (p = 0.001) and it was shown that as the presence of symptoms increases (increase in RSI score) the presence of laryngoscopic findings increases (increase in the RFS score), which indicates positive dependence among the variables analyzed.
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Palabras clave
Disfonía, Laringoscopia, Reflujo laringofaríngeo, Estudios retrospectivos, Epidemiología analítica, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Adulto