Incidencia de los riesgos mecánicos en los accidentes laborales dentro de una empresa de artes gráficas. Diseño de un plan de prevención de riesgos.
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2014-04-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
Una publicación de la Federación Empresarial de industrias gráficas de España, muestra que en el año 1999 de 157 accidentes suscitados, entre graves y mortales, 132 ocurrieron por los diferentes peligros asociados a los riesgos mecánicos. Es decir, 84 % de los accidentes según esta referencia son producidos por este origen. En la empresa a analizar por su parte, se puede verificar que de enero a diciembre del año 2012, de los 14 accidentes registrados en el Área de Litografía, 12 han sido de origen mecánico; por lo que ha sido importante tomarle la atención debida a este factor de riesgo de manera indubitable. El objetivo general de este trabajo es, por lo tanto, el análisis de la incidencia de la exposición a factores de riesgo mecánico en los trabajadores de planta en el área de litografía de una empresa de artes gráficas. A través de herramientas para la gestión de seguridad, se logra identificar todos los factores de riesgos presentes. Luego se hace un enfoque a los factores de riesgos mecánicos para su respectiva evaluación utilizando el método de William Fine, donde a partir de dicha evaluación se identifican los problemas presentes, y se realiza una valoración económica de la consecuencia de estos problemas que son los accidentes propiamente dichos. Finalmente se proponen soluciones a los problemas identificados, a través de cronogramas de actividades para sus respectivas ejecuciones y demostrando la factibilidad de dichas propuestas mediante un análisis económico.
A publication of the Business Federation of Graphic Industries of Spain shows that in 1999 out of 157 accidents, both critical and fatal, 132 occurred by different hazards associated with mechanical hazards. This means that according to this criteria, 84 % of accidents are produced by this source. In the company that was analyzed, we could verify that from January to December 2012, of the 14 accidents reported in the Lithography department, 12 were due to a mechanical cause, so it was important to take this risk factor into special consideration. Therefore, the overall objective of this work is the analysis of the impact of exposure to risk factors of mechanical plant workers in the lithography department at a printing company. It was possible to identify all the risk factors that were present through security management tools. Then we focused on the mechanical risk factors for their own assessment using the William Fine method, which allowed us to identify problems and carry out an assessment concerning the economic consequences that these accidents bring along. Lastly, we proposed solutions to the problems that were identified through activity schedules for their corresponding performances and by demonstrating the feasibility of such proposals through an economic analysis.
A publication of the Business Federation of Graphic Industries of Spain shows that in 1999 out of 157 accidents, both critical and fatal, 132 occurred by different hazards associated with mechanical hazards. This means that according to this criteria, 84 % of accidents are produced by this source. In the company that was analyzed, we could verify that from January to December 2012, of the 14 accidents reported in the Lithography department, 12 were due to a mechanical cause, so it was important to take this risk factor into special consideration. Therefore, the overall objective of this work is the analysis of the impact of exposure to risk factors of mechanical plant workers in the lithography department at a printing company. It was possible to identify all the risk factors that were present through security management tools. Then we focused on the mechanical risk factors for their own assessment using the William Fine method, which allowed us to identify problems and carry out an assessment concerning the economic consequences that these accidents bring along. Lastly, we proposed solutions to the problems that were identified through activity schedules for their corresponding performances and by demonstrating the feasibility of such proposals through an economic analysis.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, RIESGOS MECÁNICOS, ACCIDENTES LABORALES, PLAN DE PREVENCIÓN DE RIESGOS