Factores de riesgo asociados al síndrome coronario agudo en el adulto mayor según complicaciones y mortalidad
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El síndrome coronario agudo es la manifestación clínica más
frecuente de la enfermedad isquémica coronaria, presenta una
gran prevalencia en la población mayor de 65 años de edad,
dadas las condiciones de esta población en cuanto al proceso
de envejecimiento del sistema endotelial en general, el cual
afecta todo el sistema cardiovascular. El síndrome coronario agudo
es un problema en la sanidad a nivel mundial, ya que los factores de
riesgo y malos hábitos presentes en las personas conllevan a un
aumento del mismo. Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo
asociados al síndrome coronario agudo en el adulto mayor y su
relación con complicaciones y mortalidad, en el área de Unidad
Coronaria del Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio de diseño no experimental,
retrospectivo, tipo de investigación cuali-cuantitativa, que evalúa a los
pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo en el adulto mayor y su
relación de complicaciones y mortalidad. Se diseñó una ficha de
recolección de datos en programa Microsoft Word 2010, los datos
obtenidos se ingresarón a una base de datos diseñada en Microsoft
Excel 2010 y para su posterior análisis en el programa de Datos
SPSS 2.0. Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo que se presentaron
fueron hipertensión arterial en 82% seguido de diabetes mellitus
31%, las complicaciones estuvieron dadas por insuficiencia cardiaca
50.9%, la asociación de 2 o más factores de riesgo presentaron
mayor mortalidad p=838, presentaron mayor mortalidad pacientes
que desarrollaban insuficiencia cardiaca p=0.578. La mortalidad de
este estudio fue del 3.9%.
Acute coronary syndrome is the most frequent clinical manifestation of coronary ischemic disease, it is highly prevalent in the population over 65 years of age, given the conditions of this population regarding the aging process of the endothelial system, in general, the which affects the entire cardiovascular system. Acute coronary syndrome is a problem in healthcare worldwide, since risk factors and bad habits present in people lead to an increase in it. Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with acute coronary syndrome in the elderly and its relationship with complications and mortality, in the Coronary Unit area of the Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón Specialty Hospital. Materials and methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective study, a qualitative-quantitative, that evaluates patients with acute coronary syndrome in the elderly and its relationship of complications and mortality. A data collection sheet will be designed in the Microsoft Word 2010 program, the data obtained will be entered into a database designed in Microsoft Excel 2010 and for subsequent analysis in the SPSS 2.0 Data program. Conclusions: the risk factors that were presented were arterial hypertension in 82% followed by diabetes mellitus in 31%, complications were due to heart failure in 50.9%, the association of 2 or more risk factors presented higher mortality p=838, presented higher mortality patients who developed heart failure p=0.578. Mortality in this study was 3.9%
Acute coronary syndrome is the most frequent clinical manifestation of coronary ischemic disease, it is highly prevalent in the population over 65 years of age, given the conditions of this population regarding the aging process of the endothelial system, in general, the which affects the entire cardiovascular system. Acute coronary syndrome is a problem in healthcare worldwide, since risk factors and bad habits present in people lead to an increase in it. Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with acute coronary syndrome in the elderly and its relationship with complications and mortality, in the Coronary Unit area of the Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón Specialty Hospital. Materials and methods: A non-experimental, cross-sectional and retrospective study, a qualitative-quantitative, that evaluates patients with acute coronary syndrome in the elderly and its relationship of complications and mortality. A data collection sheet will be designed in the Microsoft Word 2010 program, the data obtained will be entered into a database designed in Microsoft Excel 2010 and for subsequent analysis in the SPSS 2.0 Data program. Conclusions: the risk factors that were presented were arterial hypertension in 82% followed by diabetes mellitus in 31%, complications were due to heart failure in 50.9%, the association of 2 or more risk factors presented higher mortality p=838, presented higher mortality patients who developed heart failure p=0.578. Mortality in this study was 3.9%
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SINDROME CORONARIO AGUDO, ADULTO MAYOR, FACTORES DE RIESGO, MORTALIDAD, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES GUAYAQUIL DR. ABEL GILBERT PONTON, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR