Sistema de emergencias médicas ante un terremoto en la parroquia Cajabamba y su impacto socioeconómico
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes: La atención médica en emergencias es una prioridad en los casos
desastres ante la ocurrencia de un terremoto. Las unidades de salud deben estar
preparadas para enfrentar las afectaciones humanas y materiales que pueden ocurrir en
casos de terremotos. La parroquia de Cajabamba está atravesada por la falla geológica
llamada falla de Pallatanga. El objetivo de este estudio es implementar un sistema de
emergencias médicas ante un terremoto en la Unidad Hospitalaria Dr. Publio Escobar
Gómez de la parroquia de Cajabamba y conocer su impacto socioeconómico.
Metodología: es un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo no experimental de
corte transversal, se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico.
Resultados: Referente a si la unidad hospitalaria cuenta con el recurso humano
necesario para la asistencia médica de víctimas por terremoto, el 38.3% de los
encuestados responde estar en desacuerdo, y el 29.6% están totalmente en desacuerdo.
La unidad hospitalaria cuenta con un sistema de emergencias médicas ante un
terremoto, el 43.2% manifiesta estar en desacuerdo, y el 28% están totalmente en
desacuerdo. La implementación de un sistema de emergencias médicas produce un
impacto socioeconómico positivo en la salud pública; el 49.4% respondieron estar de
acuerdo, y el 46.9% estar totalmente de acuerdo. Conclusión: Se concluye que el
sistema elaborado aporta en el ámbito social y económico; se puede minimizar el gasto
en la etapa de recuperación, es decir, reducir la inversión en medicinas, equipos,
personal profesional, que pueden cubrir otras áreas o etapas siguientes a la emergencia.
Background: Emergency medical care is a priority in the case of disasters in the event of an earthquake. Health units must be prepared to deal with human and material damage that can occur in earthquakes. The parish of Cajabamba is crossed by the geological fault called Pallatanga fault. The objective of this study is to implement an emergency medical system to an earthquake in the Hospital Unit Dr. Publio Escobar Gómez of the parish of Cajabamba and to know its socioeconomic impact. Methodology: a quantitative, descriptive non-experimental cross-sectional study, using theoretical, empirical and statistical methods. Results: Regarding whether the hospital unit has the necessary human resources for the medical assistance of earthquake victims, 38.3% of respondents disagree, and 29.6% totally disagree. The hospital unit has an emergency medical system in the face of an earthquake, 43.2% say they disagree, and 28% strongly disagree. The implementation of a medical emergency system has a positive socioeconomic impact on public health; 49.4% responded, and 46.9% agreed. Conclusion: It is concluded that the elaborated system contributes in the social and economic area; spending on the recovery stage can be minimized, ie reducing investment in medicines, equipment, and professional staff, which may cover other areas or stages following the emergency.
Background: Emergency medical care is a priority in the case of disasters in the event of an earthquake. Health units must be prepared to deal with human and material damage that can occur in earthquakes. The parish of Cajabamba is crossed by the geological fault called Pallatanga fault. The objective of this study is to implement an emergency medical system to an earthquake in the Hospital Unit Dr. Publio Escobar Gómez of the parish of Cajabamba and to know its socioeconomic impact. Methodology: a quantitative, descriptive non-experimental cross-sectional study, using theoretical, empirical and statistical methods. Results: Regarding whether the hospital unit has the necessary human resources for the medical assistance of earthquake victims, 38.3% of respondents disagree, and 29.6% totally disagree. The hospital unit has an emergency medical system in the face of an earthquake, 43.2% say they disagree, and 28% strongly disagree. The implementation of a medical emergency system has a positive socioeconomic impact on public health; 49.4% responded, and 46.9% agreed. Conclusion: It is concluded that the elaborated system contributes in the social and economic area; spending on the recovery stage can be minimized, ie reducing investment in medicines, equipment, and professional staff, which may cover other areas or stages following the emergency.
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Triaje, Terremotos, Servicio de urgencias médicas, Sociología médica, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital Básico Dr. Publio Escobar Gómez, Parroquia Cajabamba, Cantón Colta, Ecuador