Permanencia de la disfonía funcional en los docentes de la Unidad Educativa "San José La Salle".
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2014-05-26
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
Resumen
El presente trabajo se realizó en la Unidad Educativa “San José La Salle” de la ciudad de Guayaquil, para determinar la prevalencia de la disfonía funcional en los docentes que laboran en los dos establecimientos con que cuenta, aplicando una encuesta presencial formada por preguntas de los ámbitos: laboral, médico, e higiene de la voz. Mediante el método analítico Chi Cuadrado y Diagrama de Pareto, se determinó las variables que están relacionan con “problemas de la voz”, concluyendo que de los factores investigados, siete se involucran con problemas de la voz, siendo: la no utilización de micrófonos, las condiciones acústicas del salón de clases, el hablar en clase con un tono diferente al que lo hace afuera, el ritmo con que habla, factores de riesgo laboral para los docentes puesto, que se asocia a una mayor prevalencia de disfonía funcional, se recomienda implementar mejoras en el ambiente laboral, capacitar a los docente en técnicas que mejoren su salud vocal, e impulsar nuevos estudios con un universo mayor de participantes que nos permitan visualizar la realidad nacional y poder legislar a favor del colectivo de los docentes. Mediante un análisis de costo-efectividad se logra un priorización del plan de inversión para desarrollar el programa de mejoras.
This work was done in the Educational Unit "San José La Salle" in Guayaquil city, to determine the prevalence of functional dysphonia in teachers working in the two establishments featuring applying a face survey consists of questions areas: employment, medical, and voice hygiene. Using the analytical methods Chi Square and Pareto diagram, were determined the variables that are related to "voice problems", concluding that the factors investigated, seven were involved with voice problems, being the non-use of microphones, the acoustics of the classroom , talking in class with a different tone than it does outside, the rate at which speech, occupational risk factors for teachers laid, which is associated with a higher prevalence of functional dysphonia, it is recommended implement improvements in the workplace, train teachers in techniques to improve your vocal health, and encourage further studies with a larger universe of participants to enable us to visualize the national reality and to legislate in favor of the group of teachers. Through an analysis of cost - effectiveness, a prioritization of the investment plan is achieved to develop the program of improvements.
This work was done in the Educational Unit "San José La Salle" in Guayaquil city, to determine the prevalence of functional dysphonia in teachers working in the two establishments featuring applying a face survey consists of questions areas: employment, medical, and voice hygiene. Using the analytical methods Chi Square and Pareto diagram, were determined the variables that are related to "voice problems", concluding that the factors investigated, seven were involved with voice problems, being the non-use of microphones, the acoustics of the classroom , talking in class with a different tone than it does outside, the rate at which speech, occupational risk factors for teachers laid, which is associated with a higher prevalence of functional dysphonia, it is recommended implement improvements in the workplace, train teachers in techniques to improve your vocal health, and encourage further studies with a larger universe of participants to enable us to visualize the national reality and to legislate in favor of the group of teachers. Through an analysis of cost - effectiveness, a prioritization of the investment plan is achieved to develop the program of improvements.
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SEGURIRAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, DISFONÍA FUNCIONAL, RIESGO LABORAL, CHI CUADRADO Y DIAGRAMA DE PARETO