Factores que influyen en la tasa de retención de estudiantes de enfermería ciclo I 2021 – 2022
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2022-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Carrera de Enfermería
Resumen
La tasa de retención estudiantil permite conocer el porcentaje de estudiantes que continúan su formación académica,
así como el porcentaje de estudiantes que desertan sus estudios. Objetivo: Determinar los factores que influyen en la
tasa de retención de estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad de Guayaquil durante el Ciclo I 2021 – 2022.
Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, transversal, de enfoque inductivo, incorporó una población de 248
estudiantes correspondientes al quinto y sexto semestre de la carrera de enfermería de la Universidad de Guayaquil,
se realizó un muestreo intencionado de 32 estudiantes que realizaron el proceso de anulación de matrícula. La
información se obtuvo por medio de revisión de la base de datos del Sistema Integrado de la Universidad de Guayaquil
(SIUG) que proporcionó la información necesaria de cada estudiante, adicionalmente se aplicó una encuesta de 25
preguntas a la muestra seleccionada para obtener los datos restantes. Resultados: La tasa de retención de estudiantes
de enfermería de la Universidad de Guayaquil durante el Ciclo I 2021 – 2022 es 85,5%. Como factores asociados a
esta tasa destacaron el 53.1% con 3 o 4 miembros de la familia, el 59.4% en referencia a 1 o 2 familiares que son
estudiantes, el 59.4% de participantes con un sueldo inferior a $425, el 40.6% de ingresos suficientes y, por último, la
poca disponibilidad de tiempo con igual porcentaje que el factor anterior. Conclusiones: Se determinó que los factores
principales que influyen en la tasa de retención de estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad de Guayaquil durante
el Ciclo I 2021 – 2022 son: el número de integrantes en la familia encontrándose entre 3 y 4 miembros, y 1 o 2
estudiantes dentro del núcleo familiar como aspecto sociodemográfico; en cuanto a lo económico, la percepción de un
sueldo inferior a $425; y los motivos principales de deserción donde constan los ingresos insuficientes y la poca
disponibilidad de tiempo.
Retention rate allows to know the student percentage that continue with their academical formation, as the student percentage that are student desertors. Objective: To determinate the factors that influence the retention rate of nursing students from Universidad de Guayaquil during 2021 – 2022 1st Cycle. Methods: Cuantitative study, descriptive, transversal, inductive focus; incorporated a 248 student population from fifth and sixth semester from nursing career of Universidad de Guayaquil through an intentioned sampling of 32 students that cancelled their registrations. The information was obtained through a data base revision of the Intagrated System of the Universidad de Guayaquil that provided the necessary information of each student, additionally a poll of 25 questions was applied to selected sample to obtain the left data. Results: The retention rate of the nursing students of the Universidad de Guayaquil during 2021 – 2022 1st Cycle is 85,5%. As associated factors to this rate highlighted the 53.1% with 3 or 4 family members, 59.4% referencing 1 or 2 students from the family, 59.4% of participants with an incoming inferior to $425, 40.6% of sufficient incomings and, at last, low time availability with same percentage as the former factor. Conclusions: It was determined that the main factors that influence the retention rate of nursing rate of the Universidad de Guayaquil during 2021 – 2022 1st Cycle are: number of family members between 3 or 4 and 1 or 2 students inside the family as sociodemographic aspect; as the economical, perception of an incoming inferior to $425; and the main reasons of desertion where there are the insufficient incomings and low time availability.
Retention rate allows to know the student percentage that continue with their academical formation, as the student percentage that are student desertors. Objective: To determinate the factors that influence the retention rate of nursing students from Universidad de Guayaquil during 2021 – 2022 1st Cycle. Methods: Cuantitative study, descriptive, transversal, inductive focus; incorporated a 248 student population from fifth and sixth semester from nursing career of Universidad de Guayaquil through an intentioned sampling of 32 students that cancelled their registrations. The information was obtained through a data base revision of the Intagrated System of the Universidad de Guayaquil that provided the necessary information of each student, additionally a poll of 25 questions was applied to selected sample to obtain the left data. Results: The retention rate of the nursing students of the Universidad de Guayaquil during 2021 – 2022 1st Cycle is 85,5%. As associated factors to this rate highlighted the 53.1% with 3 or 4 family members, 59.4% referencing 1 or 2 students from the family, 59.4% of participants with an incoming inferior to $425, 40.6% of sufficient incomings and, at last, low time availability with same percentage as the former factor. Conclusions: It was determined that the main factors that influence the retention rate of nursing rate of the Universidad de Guayaquil during 2021 – 2022 1st Cycle are: number of family members between 3 or 4 and 1 or 2 students inside the family as sociodemographic aspect; as the economical, perception of an incoming inferior to $425; and the main reasons of desertion where there are the insufficient incomings and low time availability.
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RETENCIÓN ESTUDIANTIL, DESERCIÓN ESTUDIANTIL, CARRERA DE ENFERMERÍA, EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR, TASA DE RETENCIÓN