Complicaciones de lactantes expuestos al virus de inmunodeficiencia humana a estudiarse en el Hospital Martín Icaza de Babahoyo en el período de diciembre del 2013 a enero del 2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La infección por el virus del VIH a migrado hasta llegar completamente a todo el planeta.
En nuestro país tenemos poblaciones vulnerables como:
Mujeres embarazadas
Recién nacidos
Lactantes
Que al contraer esta infección sea por vía transversal o como consecuencia de algún tipo de procedimiento van a padecer además del virus complicaciones en su mayoría gastrointestinales y respiratorias; según nuestro estudio;
Las mujeres gestantes deben llevar un control adecuado de su gestación, además de realizarse el screnning de VIH y otras infecciones que puedan poner en riesgo la integridad del nuevo ser.
Es muy importante poder educar a la madre de familia o al tutor responsable de cuidados del lactante para que pueda evitar y llevar tempranamente a una casa de salud ante la mínima sospecha de aparición de alguna de estas complicaciones
Las vías de contagio del paciente pediátrico son distintos que los de un paciente adulto, por lo tanto, los factores de riesgo también varían y se fundamentan en la madre, en los procedimientos obstétricos y en las condiciones del bebé.
Dentro de los factores de riesgo maternos: Carga viral y compromiso inmune de la madre. Si la carga viral materna es <1000 copias/ml, el riesgo de contagio del neonato es virtualmente cero
. Si la carga viral está entre 1000-10.000 o mas el riesgo para el producto es mucho mayor
Factores de riesgo obstétricos:
La ruptura prematura de membranas (RPM), corioamnionitis y el tipo de parto .
El parto es por cesárea electiva y se le administra antirretrovirales al bebé, el riesgo de contagio es de 2% y sin los fármacos el riesgo después de una cesárea sube a un 10%.
Dentro de los factores de riesgo del recién nacido: prematuridad, bajo peso, ser el primer gemelar y la lactancia materna afectan el riesgo de contagio de un neonato
Infection HIV virus completely migrated to reach the entire planet. In our country we have vulnerable populations such as: Pregnant women Newly born infants That to get this is by cross channels or as a result of some kind of infection procedure will also suffer complications from the virus mostly gastrointestinal and respiratory; according to our study; Pregnant women should take proper control of their pregnancy, in addition to the screnning HIV and other infections that may jeopardize the integrity of the new being performed. It is very important to educate mothers or responsible family guardian infant care so you can avoid and early lead to a nursing home at the slightest suspicion of occurrence of any of these complications The routes of transmission of pediatric patients are different than those of an adult patient, therefore, risk factors also vary and are based on the mother, obstetrical procedures and conditions baby. Within the maternal risk factors: viral load and immune commitment to the mother. If the maternal viral load is <1000 copies / ml, the risk of neonatal infection is virtually zero . If the viral load is between 1000-10,000 or more risk for the product it is much higher Obstetrical risk factors: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM), chorioamnionitis and type of delivery. Delivery is by elective Caesarean section and is administered antiretroviral baby, the risk of infection is 2% without risk drugs after cesarean up to 10%. Among the risk factors newborn: prematurity, low birth weight, be the first twins and breastfeeding affect the risk of infection of a newborn
Infection HIV virus completely migrated to reach the entire planet. In our country we have vulnerable populations such as: Pregnant women Newly born infants That to get this is by cross channels or as a result of some kind of infection procedure will also suffer complications from the virus mostly gastrointestinal and respiratory; according to our study; Pregnant women should take proper control of their pregnancy, in addition to the screnning HIV and other infections that may jeopardize the integrity of the new being performed. It is very important to educate mothers or responsible family guardian infant care so you can avoid and early lead to a nursing home at the slightest suspicion of occurrence of any of these complications The routes of transmission of pediatric patients are different than those of an adult patient, therefore, risk factors also vary and are based on the mother, obstetrical procedures and conditions baby. Within the maternal risk factors: viral load and immune commitment to the mother. If the maternal viral load is <1000 copies / ml, the risk of neonatal infection is virtually zero . If the viral load is between 1000-10,000 or more risk for the product it is much higher Obstetrical risk factors: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM), chorioamnionitis and type of delivery. Delivery is by elective Caesarean section and is administered antiretroviral baby, the risk of infection is 2% without risk drugs after cesarean up to 10%. Among the risk factors newborn: prematurity, low birth weight, be the first twins and breastfeeding affect the risk of infection of a newborn
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Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Lactante, Pediatría, Hospita General Martín Icaza, Cantón Babahoyo, Ecuador, Complicaciones