Evaluación de susceptibilidad a inundaciones por el Río Bachillero en los recintos Corozal y San Agustín del Cantón Isidro Ayora, provincia Guayas
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2023
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
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Este estudio evalúa la susceptibilidad a inundaciones por el rio Bachillero en los Recintos San Agustín y Corozal, localizados en el Cantón Isidro Ayora, Ecuador. Estas zonas enfrentan retos derivados de eventos de inundación. Para abordar este tema, se realizó un análisis integral de factores geológicos, geomorfológicos, hidrológicos y de suelos, aplicando un enfoque multicriterio para lograr una evaluación precisa. La metodología comprendió una recopilación de datos, validación en terreno y generación de un mapa de susceptibilidad mediante superposición ponderada. Los resultados revelaron niveles variables de susceptibilidad: Corozal mostró una susceptibilidad de nivel medio, mientras que San Agustín presentó un nivel alto. Entre los factores clave identificados, la distribución de texturas de suelo, la geomorfología y la cobertura del suelo jugaron un papel esencial. La prevalencia de arcillas limosas aumentó la susceptibilidad debido a su capacidad de retener agua, mientras que áreas con mejor drenaje, como conglomerados y areniscas, fueron menos susceptibles. La presencia de agua obtenida a partir de la clasificación supervisada de los cuerpos de agua, como el rio Bachillero, en conjunto de zonas con humedad, reveló que las zonas con presencia de agua influyen en el área de estudio con un 54.51% figurando un nivel de susceptibilidad muy alto. Las zonas con presencia de humedad representan un nivel de susceptibilidad alto y se encuentran en el 26.35% del área. Los resultados contribuirán a la gestión de riesgos y la planificación urbana/rural para reducir la vulnerabilidad frente a inundaciones futuras.
This study assesses flood susceptibility caused by the Bachillero River in the San Agustín and Corozal areas, situated within the Isidro Ayora Canton, Ecuador. These zones contend with challenges stemming from flood events. To address this issue, a comprehensive analysis of geological, geomorphological, hydrological, and soil factors was conducted, employing a multicriteria approach to achieve precise assessment. The methodology encompassed data collection, field validation, and susceptibility map generation through weighted overlay. Results unveiled varying levels of susceptibility: Corozal exhibited a moderate susceptibility, while San Agustín displayed a high susceptibility. Among the identified key factors, soil texture distribution, geomorphology, and land cover played pivotal roles. The prevalence of clayey textures heightened susceptibility due to their water retention capacity, whereas areas with enhanced drainage, such as conglomerates and sandstones, exhibited lower susceptibility. The presence of water obtained from supervised classification of water bodies, such as the Bachillero River, in conjunction with areas with moisture, revealed that water-bearing zones exert a significant influence on the study area, accounting for a notable 54.51% with a high susceptibility level. Areas marked by humidity denoted a high susceptibility level, constituting 26.35% of the region. These findings will contribute to risk management and urban and rural planning, aiming to mitigate vulnerability against impending flood events.
This study assesses flood susceptibility caused by the Bachillero River in the San Agustín and Corozal areas, situated within the Isidro Ayora Canton, Ecuador. These zones contend with challenges stemming from flood events. To address this issue, a comprehensive analysis of geological, geomorphological, hydrological, and soil factors was conducted, employing a multicriteria approach to achieve precise assessment. The methodology encompassed data collection, field validation, and susceptibility map generation through weighted overlay. Results unveiled varying levels of susceptibility: Corozal exhibited a moderate susceptibility, while San Agustín displayed a high susceptibility. Among the identified key factors, soil texture distribution, geomorphology, and land cover played pivotal roles. The prevalence of clayey textures heightened susceptibility due to their water retention capacity, whereas areas with enhanced drainage, such as conglomerates and sandstones, exhibited lower susceptibility. The presence of water obtained from supervised classification of water bodies, such as the Bachillero River, in conjunction with areas with moisture, revealed that water-bearing zones exert a significant influence on the study area, accounting for a notable 54.51% with a high susceptibility level. Areas marked by humidity denoted a high susceptibility level, constituting 26.35% of the region. These findings will contribute to risk management and urban and rural planning, aiming to mitigate vulnerability against impending flood events.
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Inundaciones, Susceptibilidad, Río Bachillero, Análisis multicriterio, Superposición ponderada.