Ganancia de peso en gestantes adolescentes y relación con ingesta alimentaria
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la ganancia de peso en gestantes
adolescentes y su relación con ingesta alimentaria. La investigación tiene un
enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, participaron 84 gestantes adolescente entre
13 a 19 años, seleccionadas por muestreo no probabilístico. A través de las
medidas antropométricas, se evaluó el peso pregestacional, peso actual, talla,
IMC pregestacional y ganancia de peso, así mismo se evaluó los hábitos
alimentarios mediante el cuestionario de tamizaje por block. Según los
resultados se determinó que 88% de la muestra presentó un IMC de sobrepeso,
y el 12% obesidad, en cuanto a la ganancia de peso se determinó que el 84%
de adolescentes tuvo una ganancia de peso insuficiente mientras que, el 12%
una ganancia de peso excesiva y el 4% una ganancia de peso normal. En cuanto
a los hábitos alimentarios se observó que el 51% consumía una dieta baja en
frutas, vegetales y fibra, mientras que el 29% presentaba una dieta muy alta en
grasa. Se concluye que existe una significancia estadística entre la ganancia de
peso de las gestantes adolescentes y la ingesta de grasas (p=<0,0001), a
diferencia de la ingesta de frutas, verdura y fibra con el peso de las gestantes
en el cual no hubo significancia estadística (p=<0,1323), por lo que se concluye
que una alimentación completa beneficiará a la ganancia de peso si va de la
mano con las cantidades adecuadas a cada gestante adolescente
The objective of this study is to determine the weight gain in pregnant adolescents and its relationship with food intake. The research has a quantitative and qualitative approach, involving 84 adolescent pregnant women between 13 and 19 years old, selected by non-probabilistic sampling. Through anthropometric measures, pregestational weight, current weight, height, pregestational BMI and weight gain were evaluated, as well as eating habits were evaluated through the block screening questionnaire. According to the results it was determined that 88% of the sample presented a BMI of overweight, and 12% obesity, in terms of weight gain it was determined that 84% of adolescents had insufficient weight gain while 12% had excessive weight gain and 4% a normal weight gain. Regarding eating habits, it was observed that 51% consumed a diet low in fruits, vegetables and fiber, while 29% had a very high-fat diet. It is concluded that there is a statistical significance between the weight gain of adolescent pregnant women and fat intake (p = <0.0001), unlike the intake of fruits, vegetables and fiber with the weight of pregnant women in which there was no statistical significance (p = <0.1323), so it is concluded that a complete diet will benefit weight gain if it goes hand in hand with the appropriate amounts to each adolescent pregnant woman
The objective of this study is to determine the weight gain in pregnant adolescents and its relationship with food intake. The research has a quantitative and qualitative approach, involving 84 adolescent pregnant women between 13 and 19 years old, selected by non-probabilistic sampling. Through anthropometric measures, pregestational weight, current weight, height, pregestational BMI and weight gain were evaluated, as well as eating habits were evaluated through the block screening questionnaire. According to the results it was determined that 88% of the sample presented a BMI of overweight, and 12% obesity, in terms of weight gain it was determined that 84% of adolescents had insufficient weight gain while 12% had excessive weight gain and 4% a normal weight gain. Regarding eating habits, it was observed that 51% consumed a diet low in fruits, vegetables and fiber, while 29% had a very high-fat diet. It is concluded that there is a statistical significance between the weight gain of adolescent pregnant women and fat intake (p = <0.0001), unlike the intake of fruits, vegetables and fiber with the weight of pregnant women in which there was no statistical significance (p = <0.1323), so it is concluded that a complete diet will benefit weight gain if it goes hand in hand with the appropriate amounts to each adolescent pregnant woman
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EMBARAZO EN ADOLESCENCIA, INGESTIÓN DE ALIMENTOS, GANANCIA DE PESO GESTACIONAL, CENTRO DE SALUD TIPO C RECREO 2, CANTÓN DURÁN, ECUADOR