Eficacia de la resonancia magnética y la artroscopia en el diagnóstico de roturas meniscales
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: La rotura meniscal se define como la pérdida de la continuidad del menisco que contacta con la articulación; estas lesiones están entre las más frecuentes que se observan en la práctica ortopédica, su incidencia anual se sitúa en 60-70 por 100.000. De aquí la importancia de conocer a profundidad la prueba de mayor eficacia y menor riesgo que definirá el diagnóstico para la toma de decisión oportuna y acertada en la que se va a tratar la afección. Objetivo: El punto central en este proceso de investigación fue conocer la eficacia de la resonancia magnética como método de imagen para el diagnóstico de roturas meniscales en pacientes a quienes se le realizó resonancia magnética y artroscopía; atendidos en el Hospital Dr. Teodoro MaldonadoCarbo. Métodos: La investigación se realizó bajo carácter cuantitativo, es un estudio descriptivo, correlacional, no experimental, retrospectivo, transversal. Se realizó desde abril del 2019 hasta julio del 2021; se tomó como muestra de investigación a los pacientes que presentaron rotura de menisco, además de que se le haya realizado Resonancia Magnética y Artroscopia, todos estos datos fueron tabulados y analizados con los respectivos valores y constantes. Resultados: En la población estudiada a las cuales se les realizaron diagnósticos y tratamientos con RM y Artroscopia, se obtuvieron los siguientes datos. La Resonancia Magnética tiene una eficacia del 82%, presentando Sensibilidad de 90%, Especificidad 57%, VPP 90% y VPN 46%. Mientras que la Artroscopia representa un diagnóstico efectivo del 89.4% siendo más eficaz que el antes mencionado, sensibilidad del 88%, Especificidad 78%, VPP 94% y VPN 60% Conclusión: En el diagnóstico de lesiones meniscales, no solo es útil el manejo de la clínica, si no que como complemento de esta hay herramientas que ayudan a determinar ante que se enfrenta el especialista y otras que permiten inclusive tratar esas afecciones, en el trabajo investigativo tras los estudios realizados se pudo determinar que tanto la Resonancia Magnética como la Artroscopia son herramientas invaluables, cada quien cumple su función diagnostica a su vez que llegan a áreas donde la otra no puede cubrir o inclusive dando diagnósticos específicos sin la necesidad de ser traumáticos para el paciente.
Background: Meniscal tear is defined as the loss of continuity of the meniscus that contacts the joint; These injuries are among the most frequent observed in orthopedic practice, with an annual incidence of 60-70 per-100,000. Hence the importance of knowing in depth the test with the highest efficacy and lowest risk that will define the diagnosis for making a timely and accurate decision in which to treat the condition. Objective: The central point in this research process was to know the effectiveness of magnetic resonance as an imaging method for the diagnosis of meniscal tears in patients with arthroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging performed; treated at the Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital. Methods: The research was carried out quantitatively, it is a descriptive, correlational, non-experimental, retrospective, cross-sectional study. It was carried out from April 2019 to July 2021; The patients who presented meniscus tear were taken as a research sample, in addition to having undergone Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arthroscopy, all these data were tabulated and analyzed with the respective values and constants. Results: The following data were obtained in the population studied who underwent diagnosis and treatment with MRI and arthroscopy. Magnetic resonance has an efficiency of 82%, presenting Sensitivity of 88%, Specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 82%. While Arthroscopy represents an effective diagnosis of 89.4%, being more effective than the sensitivity of 87%, Specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 62.9 Conclusion: In the diagnosis of meniscal injuries, not only is clinical management useful, but as a complement to this there are tools that help determine what the specialist is facing and others that even allow treating these conditions at work. investigation carried out after the studies xvii carried out, it was possible to determine that both Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arthroscopy are invaluable tools, each one fulfills its diagnostic function in turn reaching areas where the
Background: Meniscal tear is defined as the loss of continuity of the meniscus that contacts the joint; These injuries are among the most frequent observed in orthopedic practice, with an annual incidence of 60-70 per-100,000. Hence the importance of knowing in depth the test with the highest efficacy and lowest risk that will define the diagnosis for making a timely and accurate decision in which to treat the condition. Objective: The central point in this research process was to know the effectiveness of magnetic resonance as an imaging method for the diagnosis of meniscal tears in patients with arthroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging performed; treated at the Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital. Methods: The research was carried out quantitatively, it is a descriptive, correlational, non-experimental, retrospective, cross-sectional study. It was carried out from April 2019 to July 2021; The patients who presented meniscus tear were taken as a research sample, in addition to having undergone Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arthroscopy, all these data were tabulated and analyzed with the respective values and constants. Results: The following data were obtained in the population studied who underwent diagnosis and treatment with MRI and arthroscopy. Magnetic resonance has an efficiency of 82%, presenting Sensitivity of 88%, Specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 82%. While Arthroscopy represents an effective diagnosis of 89.4%, being more effective than the sensitivity of 87%, Specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 62.9 Conclusion: In the diagnosis of meniscal injuries, not only is clinical management useful, but as a complement to this there are tools that help determine what the specialist is facing and others that even allow treating these conditions at work. investigation carried out after the studies xvii carried out, it was possible to determine that both Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arthroscopy are invaluable tools, each one fulfills its diagnostic function in turn reaching areas where the
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MENISCO, ARTROSCOPIA, RESONANCIA MAGNETICA, ESTUDIO DE CASOS, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR