Riesgo obstétrico por infecciones de vías urinarias en adolescentes embarazadas de 15 a 19 años de edad, Hospital Alfredo G. Paulson
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes. Las Infecciones de vías urinarias son una de las complicaciones más usuales en el embarazo, por ende, es un problema de salud pública, ya que se debe llevar un control exhaustivo de consultas prenatales. Objetivo. Determinar los factores de riesgo obstétrico por infección de vías urinarias en adolescentes embarazadas en el Hospital Alfredo G. Paulson. Metodología: tiene un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño de estudio no experimental, de tipo transversal, correlacional. Resultados. Con un universo de 60 adolescentes embarazadas que presentaron infección de vías urinarias. La edad gestacional que mayormente fueron atendidas es de la semana 37 a 41 con un 35%. Entre los factores de riesgos que se encuentran en las adolescentes embarazadas son, inadecuada higiene en sus genitales con un 47%, inasistencia de controles prenatales con un 33% y un 20% en pacientes que no culminan su tratamiento. Según patologías que se presentan por infecciones de vías urinarias, evidenciando que existe en Bacteriuria Asintomática un 30%, Cistitis 57%, Pielonefritis 13%. Según las complicaciones obstétricas existe en amenaza de parto pretermino con un 67% siendo este el porcentaje más alto seguido de la ruptura prematura de membrana con un 28% y de un 5% en aborto respectivamente. Conclusiones. El tipo de infección de vías urinarias que predomino fue la cistitis seguido por la bacteriuria asintomática y la pielonefritis y en cuanto a los factores de riesgos obstétricos que se presentaron el de mayor significancia fue la inadecuada higiene en los genitales siguiendo la inasistencia de controles prenatales y la no culminación del tratamiento en el hospital, por lo tanto se propone un plan educativo
Background. Infections of the urinary tract are one of the most common complications in pregnancy, therefore, it is a public health problem, since it must carry out an exhaustive control of prenatal consultations. Objective. To determine obstetric risk factors for urinary tract infection in pregnant adolescents at the Alfredo G. Paulson Hospital. Methodology: has a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational study design. Results. With a universe of 60 pregnant adolescents who had a urinary tract infection. The gestational age that was most attended is from week 37 to 41 with 35%. Among the risk factors found in pregnant adolescents are inadequate hygiene in their genitals with 47%, absence of prenatal controls with 33% and 20% in patients who do not complete their treatment. According to pathologies that present by urinary tract infections, evidencing that there is asymptomatic bacteriuria 30%, cystitis 57%, pyelonephritis 13%. According to obstetric complications, there is a threat of preterm labor with 67% being the highest percentage followed by premature rupture of the membrane with 28% and 5% in abortion respectively. Conclusions. The predominant type of urinary tract infection was cystitis followed by asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyelonephritis and the most significant obstetric risk factors were inadequate hygiene in the genitals, following the absence of prenatal controls and the culmination of the treatment in the hospital, therefore an educational plan is proposed.
Background. Infections of the urinary tract are one of the most common complications in pregnancy, therefore, it is a public health problem, since it must carry out an exhaustive control of prenatal consultations. Objective. To determine obstetric risk factors for urinary tract infection in pregnant adolescents at the Alfredo G. Paulson Hospital. Methodology: has a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational study design. Results. With a universe of 60 pregnant adolescents who had a urinary tract infection. The gestational age that was most attended is from week 37 to 41 with 35%. Among the risk factors found in pregnant adolescents are inadequate hygiene in their genitals with 47%, absence of prenatal controls with 33% and 20% in patients who do not complete their treatment. According to pathologies that present by urinary tract infections, evidencing that there is asymptomatic bacteriuria 30%, cystitis 57%, pyelonephritis 13%. According to obstetric complications, there is a threat of preterm labor with 67% being the highest percentage followed by premature rupture of the membrane with 28% and 5% in abortion respectively. Conclusions. The predominant type of urinary tract infection was cystitis followed by asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyelonephritis and the most significant obstetric risk factors were inadequate hygiene in the genitals, following the absence of prenatal controls and the culmination of the treatment in the hospital, therefore an educational plan is proposed.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Infecciones de las vías urinarias, Cistitis, Pielonefritis, Riesgo obstétrico, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador