Análisis evolutivo de las exportaciones de camarón Litopenaeus vannamei hacia el mercado europeo, del 2000 al 2015
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2016
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se centra en el estudio del “Análisis evolutivo de las
exportaciones de camarón (Litopenaeus vannamei) hacia el mercado europeo, en la última
década", El proceso productivo el cual integra varias etapas desde la siembra hasta la venta del
producto o su comercialización a intermediarios o empacadoras de camarón. Con el objeto de
analizar la situación del sector productivo camaronero y la comercialización del producto post
efecto, a partir de la mancha blanca y la incidencia en el mercado Europeo desde el año 2000
hasta el 2015.
Para el análisis de la investigación se plantearon los siguientes objetivos: a) analizar las
exportaciones del sector camaronero ecuatoriano hacia Europa entre el 2000-2015; b)
identificar los principales problemas del sector camaronero de la provincia del El Oro; c)
describir los requisitos de legales para exportar al mercado de la Unión Europea.
Empleando una metodología descriptiva que se fundamenta en revisión literaria y base de
datos institucionales, nacionales e internacionales como fuente secundaria y entrevista a los
actores de la cadena de comercialización del camarón en la provincia del El Oro, completando
con un análisis cualitativo apoyándonos en herramientas como el FODA y PARETO donde se
obtuvo las siguientes conclusiones. El mercado de Europa creció del 9% al 23% dentro de las
exportaciones totales de camarón, el precio más alto fue de $ 11,13 por libra en el 2006 que
coincide el año de mayores ingresos por ventas FOB para el Ecuador. Las ventas directas con
las empacadoras y exportadoras aumentaron en un 84%, siendo la respuesta al modelo de
comercialización que prefieren los productores de camarón.
El mercado del camarón en Europa creció del 9% al 23% dentro de las exportaciones totales
de camarón.
El Ecuador salvaguarda un sistema de control de calidad altamente registrado. Ha pasado las
exigencias de la FDA, del Departamento de Veterinaria de la Unión Europea. El camarón
This research focuses on the study of "evolutionary analysis of exports of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to the European market in the last decade", the production process, which integrates various stages from planting to selling the product, or marketing intermediaries or packers shrimp. in order to analyze the situation of the productive sector shrimper and product marketing post effect, from the white spot and the impact on the European market since 2000 through 2015. For the analysis of the research the following objectives: a) to analyze the Ecuadorian shrimp sector exports to Europe between 2000-2015; b) identify the main problems of shrimp sector in the province of El Oro; c) describe the legal requirements to export to the EU market. Using a descriptive methodology that is based on literature review, based institutional, national and international data as a secondary source, and interview the actors of the marketing chain shrimp in the province of El Oro, completing a qualitative analysis relying on tools like PARETO SWOT and where the following conclusions were obtained. The European market grew from 9% to 23% in total exports of shrimp; the highest price was $ 11.13 per pound in 2006 to match the year of increased revenues from sales FOB for Ecuador. Direct sales to packers and exporters increased by 84%, the response to marketing model who prefer shrimp producers. The shrimp market in Europe grew from 9% to 23% in total exports of shrimp. The Ecuador safeguard control system highly registered quality. It has passed the requirements of the FDA, the Department of Veterinary of the European Union. The shrimp produced in Ecuador is free of antibiotics in strict accordance with international standards of food safety, ensuring a healthy and safe product. The Ecuadorian shrimp maintains international reputation for quality and positioning purchased by consumers. The experience gained by the Ecuadorian industry, has helped develop technology and research on diseases and to expand markets. Keywords: shrimp, European market, white spot, competitiveness.
This research focuses on the study of "evolutionary analysis of exports of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to the European market in the last decade", the production process, which integrates various stages from planting to selling the product, or marketing intermediaries or packers shrimp. in order to analyze the situation of the productive sector shrimper and product marketing post effect, from the white spot and the impact on the European market since 2000 through 2015. For the analysis of the research the following objectives: a) to analyze the Ecuadorian shrimp sector exports to Europe between 2000-2015; b) identify the main problems of shrimp sector in the province of El Oro; c) describe the legal requirements to export to the EU market. Using a descriptive methodology that is based on literature review, based institutional, national and international data as a secondary source, and interview the actors of the marketing chain shrimp in the province of El Oro, completing a qualitative analysis relying on tools like PARETO SWOT and where the following conclusions were obtained. The European market grew from 9% to 23% in total exports of shrimp; the highest price was $ 11.13 per pound in 2006 to match the year of increased revenues from sales FOB for Ecuador. Direct sales to packers and exporters increased by 84%, the response to marketing model who prefer shrimp producers. The shrimp market in Europe grew from 9% to 23% in total exports of shrimp. The Ecuador safeguard control system highly registered quality. It has passed the requirements of the FDA, the Department of Veterinary of the European Union. The shrimp produced in Ecuador is free of antibiotics in strict accordance with international standards of food safety, ensuring a healthy and safe product. The Ecuadorian shrimp maintains international reputation for quality and positioning purchased by consumers. The experience gained by the Ecuadorian industry, has helped develop technology and research on diseases and to expand markets. Keywords: shrimp, European market, white spot, competitiveness.
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CAMARON, MERCADO EUROPEO, MANCHA BLANCA, EXPORTACIONES DE CAMARON, DESTINO DEL CAMARON, VALOR NUTRICIONAL