Identificación del uso de sustancias psicoactivas en trabajadores de la amazonía ecuatoriana junio 2014 - junio 2015 y propuesta de taller de prevención y apoyo
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2015
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Las sustancias psicoactivas (SPA) son aquellas que tienen la capacidad de generar un efecto directo sobre el sistema nervioso central, ocasionando cambios específicos a sus funciones; pueden ser de origen natural o sintético que cuando se consumen por cualquier vía (oral-nasal-intramuscular-intravenosa) llegan a inhibir el dolor, modificar el estado anímico o alterar las percepciones. Actualmente el uso de SPA es considerado un problema mundial, se lo puede definir como un fenómeno social económico, político, cultural, educativo y de salud,que no respeta edad, sexo ni religión, considerado por la OMS como un trastorno de la conducta y del comportamiento, convirtiéndose no solo en un problema de salud sino también un problema social que afectan todos los estamentos incluyendo los laborales, razón por la que la Organización Internacional del Trabajo lo reconoce como un problema que concierne a un número elevado de trabajadores. En ecuador se ha descrito un incremento de uso de SPA en los últimos siete años, atribuyéndose a que es un país de tránsito para el narcotráfico y que se puede encontrar con facilidad estas drogas. El CONSEP (Consejo Nacional De Control De Sustancias Estupefacientes y psicotrópicas) ha realizado estudios a nivel estudiantil y en hogares, sin embargo a nivel empresarial no se han aplicado encuestas del uso de drogas en el personal.
El proyecto de esta investigación nace tras observar cambios comportamentales que presentan los trabajadores que migran a laborar en condiciones de aislamiento en la amazonia ecuatoriana y que por la ubicación geográfica de la empresa empleadora viven en condiciones de albergue en esta región, exponiéndose de esta manera a uno de los factores de riesgo del consumo de sustancias.
Es por esto la necesidad de poder identificar y contar con datos estadísticos del consumo de PSA a nivel laboral en la amazonia ecuatoriana, los cuales se obtendrán mediante la aplicación de test de metabolitos de drogas en orina, con muestras obtenidas al azar en relación al horario y el día de trabajo, previo a la autorización del trabajador a través de un consentimiento informado. Y con el resultado obtenido implementar talleres de prevención y apoyo a los participantes del estudio y futuros trabajadores.
Page - 4 -
Psychoactive substances (SPA) are those having the ability to generate a direct effect on the central nervous system, causing changes specific to their functions; They can be of natural or synthetic origin which, when consumed by any route (oral-nasal--intravenous intramuscular) come to inhibit pain, mood change or alter perceptions. Currently the use of SPA is considered a global problem, it can be defined as an economic, political, cultural, educational and health social phenomenon that does not respect age, sex or religion, considered by OMS as a conduct disorder and behavior, becoming not only a health problem but also a social problem affecting all sectors including labor, why the International LabourOrganisation recognizes it as a problem that concerns a large number of workers. In Ecuador it described increased use of SPA in the last seven years, attributing to it being a transit country for drug trafficking and you can easily find these drugs. CONSEP (National Council for Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances) has conducted studies student and household level, but at the enterprise level have not been applied surveys of drug use in personnel. This research project was born after observing behavioral changes that have workers who migrate to work in isolation in the Ecuadorian Amazon and the geographical location of the employer company living in hostel in this region, thus exposing themselves to one of the risk factors of substance. That is why the need to identify and provide statistical data consumption to labor PSA level in the Ecuadorian Amazon, which is derived by applying test of drug metabolites in urine samples taken at random in relation to the schedule and the working day prior to the authorization of the worker through an informed consent. And the result shall Page - 5 - implement prevention workshops and support to participants of the study and future workers.
Psychoactive substances (SPA) are those having the ability to generate a direct effect on the central nervous system, causing changes specific to their functions; They can be of natural or synthetic origin which, when consumed by any route (oral-nasal--intravenous intramuscular) come to inhibit pain, mood change or alter perceptions. Currently the use of SPA is considered a global problem, it can be defined as an economic, political, cultural, educational and health social phenomenon that does not respect age, sex or religion, considered by OMS as a conduct disorder and behavior, becoming not only a health problem but also a social problem affecting all sectors including labor, why the International LabourOrganisation recognizes it as a problem that concerns a large number of workers. In Ecuador it described increased use of SPA in the last seven years, attributing to it being a transit country for drug trafficking and you can easily find these drugs. CONSEP (National Council for Control of Narcotic and Psychotropic Substances) has conducted studies student and household level, but at the enterprise level have not been applied surveys of drug use in personnel. This research project was born after observing behavioral changes that have workers who migrate to work in isolation in the Ecuadorian Amazon and the geographical location of the employer company living in hostel in this region, thus exposing themselves to one of the risk factors of substance. That is why the need to identify and provide statistical data consumption to labor PSA level in the Ecuadorian Amazon, which is derived by applying test of drug metabolites in urine samples taken at random in relation to the schedule and the working day prior to the authorization of the worker through an informed consent. And the result shall Page - 5 - implement prevention workshops and support to participants of the study and future workers.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Sistema nervioso central, Trastornos de la conducta, Psicotrópicos, Juice Company Técnica Industrial S.A., Cantón Coca, Ecuador, Trastornos relacionados con sustancias, Trabajadores, Programas y planes de salud