Distribución Espacial de los Elasmobranquios sobre la base de Capturuas totales por Lance y por Estratos en la Costa Continental Ecuatoriana
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2012
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales
Resumen
En Ecuador operan las flotas pesquera industrial y artesanal, la primera con la utilización de artes de pesca menos invasivas contra la captura incidental de elasmobranquios; la segunda representada por la flota pesquera arrastrera camaronera considerada a nivel mundial como uno de los problemas medioambientales más graves de la pesca comercial moderna, la que puede provocar afectaciones a la estructura y funcionamiento de los sistemas marinos y a sus poblaciones, a nivel de comunidades y de ecosistemas.Las medidas de control y ordenamiento no se cumplen a cabalidad, especialmente por el desconocimiento de información básica (biológica, ecológica, distribución), así como de series históricas de capturas y esfuerzo de elasmobranquios. Dichas deficiencias son resultado de la falta de interés por ser considerado al recurso como de segundo orden.En el presente trabajo se describen las distribuciones espaciales de tres especies de elasmobranquios Squatina armata, Mustellus sp., Heterodontus quoyi, Zapterix exasperata, Raja velezi y Raja equatorialis, donde se identifican los sitios de mayor incidencia a su captura por la red de arrastre camaronera según las profundidades y capturas totales expresadas en kilogramos. Adicionalmente, se revisa el estado de conocimiento de las especies mencionadas y se discute el limitado poder reproductivo de las especies para sostener una pesquería intensiva, sea esta incidental o dirigida.
In Ecuador operate fleets fishing industry and craft, the first with the use of fishing gear less invasive against incidental catch of ELASMOBRANCHS; the second represented by the fishing trawler fleet Shrimper regarded worldwide as one of the most serious environmental problems of the modern commercial fishing, which may cause damages to the structure and functioning of marine systems and their populations, at the level of communities and ecosystems.The measures of control and land use are not met fully, especially by the ignorance of basic information (biological, ecological, distribution), as well as of historical series of catch and effort for ELASMOBRANCHS. These shortcomings are the result of lack of interest because it is considered the resource of second order.The present work describes three species of ELASMOBRANCHS spatial distributions Squatina armata, Mustellus SP., Heterodontus quoyi, Zapterix exasperata, Raja velezi and Raja equatorialis, where higher incidence to his capture sites are identified by the trawl net shrimp according to the depths and total catches expressed in kilograms. Additionally, we review the State of knowledge of the species referred to and discusses the limited reproductive power of the species to sustain an intensive fishery, whether incidental or directed
In Ecuador operate fleets fishing industry and craft, the first with the use of fishing gear less invasive against incidental catch of ELASMOBRANCHS; the second represented by the fishing trawler fleet Shrimper regarded worldwide as one of the most serious environmental problems of the modern commercial fishing, which may cause damages to the structure and functioning of marine systems and their populations, at the level of communities and ecosystems.The measures of control and land use are not met fully, especially by the ignorance of basic information (biological, ecological, distribution), as well as of historical series of catch and effort for ELASMOBRANCHS. These shortcomings are the result of lack of interest because it is considered the resource of second order.The present work describes three species of ELASMOBRANCHS spatial distributions Squatina armata, Mustellus SP., Heterodontus quoyi, Zapterix exasperata, Raja velezi and Raja equatorialis, where higher incidence to his capture sites are identified by the trawl net shrimp according to the depths and total catches expressed in kilograms. Additionally, we review the State of knowledge of the species referred to and discusses the limited reproductive power of the species to sustain an intensive fishery, whether incidental or directed
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ECUADOR, FLOTAS PESQUERA, ELASMOBRANQUIOS