Cuidados de enfermería en las infecciones urinarias y su relación con los partos pretérminos
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2022-05
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Carrera de Enfermería
Resumen
Las infecciones en el tracto urinario en mujeres embarazadas, son padecimiento
considerados como detonantes para un parto pretérmino, cabe mencionar que estas se
originan por un déficit de autocuidado, donde se incluye la dificultad para higienizarse
producto del crecimiento del vientre materno o la reducción de la ingesta de agua por
las náuseas, en el caso puntual de hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, se experimenta
en problemas tales como el déficit de personal y la falta de insumos médicos, lo que,
limita las acciones, motivo por el cual se establece que el objetivo general de la
investigación es “Describir cómo se dan los cuidados de enfermería en infecciones
urinarias y la reducción de su influencia en partos pretérminos”. La metodología de la
investigación comprende una modalidad cualitativa, ya que se buscan conocer las
características de la problemática, para lo cual, se recurre a la experiencia de
profesionales de enfermería, lo que supuso, emplear la investigación fenomenológica y
para entender el porqué del comportamiento de los actores involucrados se aplica el
método interpretativo, mientras que como instrumento se recurre a una encuesta dirigida
a 10 profesionales de enfermería. Los resultados, muestran que las gestantes que
ingresan al hospital normalmente presentan un grado considerable de avance en
infecciones urinarias y en ciertos casos son reincidentes. Las conclusiones evidencian
que los cuidados de enfermería se dan mediante la administración de tratamientos
farmacológicos prescritos por el médico y que el rol de personal de enfermería es
II
brindar tanto apoyo emocional y psicológico como apoyo parcial, sin contar el de
educar a los pacientes.
Infections in the urinary tract in women, are conditions considered as triggers for a preterm birth, it is worth mentioning that these are caused by a self-care deficit, which includes the difficulty to clean oneself as a result of the growth of the belly or the reduction of the intake of water due to nausea, in the specific case of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo hospital, problems such as the lack of personnel and the lack of medical supplies are experienced, which limits the actions, which is why it is established that the general objective of the investigation in “Describe how nursing care is given in urinary tract infections and the reduction of its influence in preterm deliveries”. The research methodology includes a qualitative modality, since it seeks to know the characteristics of the problem, for which the experience of nursing professionals is used, for which it was required to apply the phenomenology research and to understand why of the behavior of the actors involved, the interpretive method is applied, while as an instrument a survey directed to 10 nursing professionals is used. The results show that pregnant women who enter the hospital usually present a considerable degree of progress in urinary tract infections and in some cases are repeat offenders. The conclusions show that nursing care is given through the administration of pharmacological treatments prescribed by the doctor and that the role of nursing staff is to provide emotional and psychological support as well as partial support, not counting that of educating patients.
Infections in the urinary tract in women, are conditions considered as triggers for a preterm birth, it is worth mentioning that these are caused by a self-care deficit, which includes the difficulty to clean oneself as a result of the growth of the belly or the reduction of the intake of water due to nausea, in the specific case of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo hospital, problems such as the lack of personnel and the lack of medical supplies are experienced, which limits the actions, which is why it is established that the general objective of the investigation in “Describe how nursing care is given in urinary tract infections and the reduction of its influence in preterm deliveries”. The research methodology includes a qualitative modality, since it seeks to know the characteristics of the problem, for which the experience of nursing professionals is used, for which it was required to apply the phenomenology research and to understand why of the behavior of the actors involved, the interpretive method is applied, while as an instrument a survey directed to 10 nursing professionals is used. The results show that pregnant women who enter the hospital usually present a considerable degree of progress in urinary tract infections and in some cases are repeat offenders. The conclusions show that nursing care is given through the administration of pharmacological treatments prescribed by the doctor and that the role of nursing staff is to provide emotional and psychological support as well as partial support, not counting that of educating patients.
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INFECCIONES URINARIAS, ROL DE ENFERMERIA, AUTOCUIDADO, GESTANTE, MORTALIDAD