Ventajas y desventajas del manejo por laparoscopia o laparotomía del embarazo ectópico organizado. Hospital G. Paulson periódo 2019-2021
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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La incidencia de embarazo ectópico es una complicación del embarazo temprano con potencial riesgo de muerte materna. La detección temprana y tratamientos quirúrgicos son esenciales. La finalidad de la siguiente investigación fue: Establecer las ventajas y desventajas del manejo quirúrgico del embarazo ectópico organizado en mujeres atendidas en el hospital Alfredo G Paulson de la ciudad de Guayaquil, en el período: Enero 2019 a Diciembre 2021. Para lo cual se planteó un estudio tipo: Analítico - Correlacional, retrospectivo, no experimental, de corte transversal. Para ello se aplicaron criterios de inclusión en relación a las variables de interés; para el análisis de información se usaron programas de tipo estadístico como: SPSS y Microsoft Excel. Los principales resultados fueron: Incidencia de casos del 1.8 %, edad promedio 29 años. El principal factor de riesgo observado fue Enfermedad Inflamatoria Pélvica, seguido de recanalización tubárica y antecedente de embarazo ectópico. Entre las ventajas observadas estuvieron: Tiempo quirúrgico promedio para laparoscopía de 46 minutos y para laparotomía exploratoria de 70 minutos. Estancia hospitalaria para laparoscopía 2 días y laparotomía exploratoria de 3 días. Uso de analgésicos para laparoscopía 2 tipos, para laparotomía exploratoria 3 tipos. En cuanto al tiempo de recuperación para laparoscopía fue de: de 3 días y para laparotomía exploratoria 7 días (mediana). Se observó seroma en el 4.44 %, infección del sitio quirúrgico en el 4.44 %, dolor posquirúrgico en el 6.67 % de laparotomías y seroma en el 3.3 % de laparoscopías.
The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is a complication of early pregnancy with a potential risk of maternal death. Early detection and surgical treatments are essential. The purpose of the following investigation was: To establish the advantages and disadvantages of the surgical management of organized ectopic pregnancy in women treated at the Alfredo G Paulson hospital in the city of Guayaquil, in the period: January 2019 to December 2021. For which it was proposed a study type: Analytical - Correlational, retrospective, non-experimental, cross-sectional. For this, inclusion criteria were applied in relation to the variables of interest; Statistical programs such as SPSS and Microsoft Excel were used for the information analysis. The main results were: Incidence of cases of 1.8%, average age 29 years. The main risk factor observed was Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, followed by tubal recanalization and a history of ectopic pregnancy. Among the advantages observed were: Average surgical time for laparoscopy of 46 minutes and for exploratory laparotomy of 70 minutes. Hospital stay for laparoscopy 2 days and exploratory laparotomy 3 days. Use of analgesics for laparoscopy 2 types, for exploratory laparotomy 3 types. Regarding the recovery time for laparoscopy, it was: 3 days and for exploratory laparotomy 7 days (median). Seroma was observed in 4.44%, surgical site infection in 4.44%, postoperative pain in 6.67% of laparotomies and seroma in 3.3% of laparoscopies.
The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is a complication of early pregnancy with a potential risk of maternal death. Early detection and surgical treatments are essential. The purpose of the following investigation was: To establish the advantages and disadvantages of the surgical management of organized ectopic pregnancy in women treated at the Alfredo G Paulson hospital in the city of Guayaquil, in the period: January 2019 to December 2021. For which it was proposed a study type: Analytical - Correlational, retrospective, non-experimental, cross-sectional. For this, inclusion criteria were applied in relation to the variables of interest; Statistical programs such as SPSS and Microsoft Excel were used for the information analysis. The main results were: Incidence of cases of 1.8%, average age 29 years. The main risk factor observed was Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, followed by tubal recanalization and a history of ectopic pregnancy. Among the advantages observed were: Average surgical time for laparoscopy of 46 minutes and for exploratory laparotomy of 70 minutes. Hospital stay for laparoscopy 2 days and exploratory laparotomy 3 days. Use of analgesics for laparoscopy 2 types, for exploratory laparotomy 3 types. Regarding the recovery time for laparoscopy, it was: 3 days and for exploratory laparotomy 7 days (median). Seroma was observed in 4.44%, surgical site infection in 4.44%, postoperative pain in 6.67% of laparotomies and seroma in 3.3% of laparoscopies.
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Embarazo ectópico, Laparoscopía, Procedimientos quirúrgicos, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador