Análisis de la inversión en las upas de las mipymes de frutas y hortalizas no tradicionales de las zonas 5 y 8 en el Ecuador
Fecha
2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo el objetivo de determinar estrategias para potencializar las inversiones de UPAS en MIPYMES de frutas y hortalizas no tradicionales, zonas 5-8 Ecuador. Se aplicó metodología descritiva, deductiva, cualitativa, cuantitativa, con uso de entrevista y encuesta a productores y expertos, encontrándose los siguientes resultados: 636.375 millones de hectáreas son aplicadas por UPA’s, 75% mientras que las superficies menores de 10 hectáreas ocuparon 12% de uso; en Los Ríos se cultivaron 574.357 hectáreas (10,45% de cultivos nacionales); más de la mitad de UPA’s son pequeñas y 42% son medianas, las grandes ocupan un porcentaje menor al 10%, el 25% de los casos, son destinadas para cultivo de hortalizas y frutas, sin embargo, los tradicionales ocupan el 80%. El 57% de MIPYMES productoras de hortalizas y frutas no tradicionales de zonas 5-8 de Ecuador, pertenecen al sector de economía popular y solidaria, cultivando maracuyá, mango, espárragos, soya; sus debilidades son: limitada asesoría técnica por organismos gubernamentales y su débil desarrollo tecnológico, siendo sus principales inversiones: asesoría técnica, certificación orgánica, sistemas de riego, financiadas por cooperativas de ahorro y crédito. La propuesta para mejorar la situación actual de los productores de frutas no tradicionales y hortalizas, consiste en el diseño de un plan de exportación hacia los mercados norteamericanos.
The present investigation had the objective of determining strategies to potentiate the UPAS investments of the MIPYMES of non-traditional fruits and vegetables of the zones 5 and 8 in Ecuador. The descriptive, deductive, qualitative and quantitative methodology was applied, with the use of the interview and the survey of the producers and experts, finding the following results: 636,375 million hectares are applied by the UPA's, 75% while the areas under 10 hectares occupy 12% of use; in the province of Los Ríos, 574,357 hectares (10.45% of national crops) were cultivated; more than half of the UPAs are small and about 42% are medium, the large ones occupy a percentage lower than 10%, 25% of the cases, are destined for the cultivation of vegetables and fruits, however, the traditional ones are those that occupy 80%. 57% of MSMEs producing non-traditional vegetables and fruits in zones 5 and 8 of Ecuador, belong to the popular and solidary economy sector, cultivating passion fruit, mango, asparagus and soybeans; Its main weaknesses are the limited technical advice from government agencies and its weak technological development, which did not allow them to invest in strengthening or access to credit. The proposal to improve the current situation of producers of non-traditional fruits and vegetables, consists in the design of an export plan to the North American markets.
The present investigation had the objective of determining strategies to potentiate the UPAS investments of the MIPYMES of non-traditional fruits and vegetables of the zones 5 and 8 in Ecuador. The descriptive, deductive, qualitative and quantitative methodology was applied, with the use of the interview and the survey of the producers and experts, finding the following results: 636,375 million hectares are applied by the UPA's, 75% while the areas under 10 hectares occupy 12% of use; in the province of Los Ríos, 574,357 hectares (10.45% of national crops) were cultivated; more than half of the UPAs are small and about 42% are medium, the large ones occupy a percentage lower than 10%, 25% of the cases, are destined for the cultivation of vegetables and fruits, however, the traditional ones are those that occupy 80%. 57% of MSMEs producing non-traditional vegetables and fruits in zones 5 and 8 of Ecuador, belong to the popular and solidary economy sector, cultivating passion fruit, mango, asparagus and soybeans; Its main weaknesses are the limited technical advice from government agencies and its weak technological development, which did not allow them to invest in strengthening or access to credit. The proposal to improve the current situation of producers of non-traditional fruits and vegetables, consists in the design of an export plan to the North American markets.
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Palabras clave
INVERSIONES, UPAS, MIPYMES, FRUTAS