Implementación guía nutricional en pacientes hospitalizados con desgaste calórico proteico en tratamiento contra vih
Fecha
2020
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El objetivo de la presente investigación se basó en elaborar una guía nutricional para pacientes
con Desgaste Calórico Proteico del Hospital de Infectología Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez
Maridueña que reciban tratamiento antirretroviral optimizando su calidad de vida.
Metodológicamente, el trabajo se aborda desde la perspectiva de los tipos de investigación
científica no experimental, de corte transversal con un alcance descriptivo y con un enfoque
cuantitativo; se analizaron las historias clínicas de los 53 pacientes con Virus de
Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) hospitalizados en el Hospital de Infectología Dr. José Daniel
Rodríguez Maridueña mediante criterios de inclusión y exclusión, en el período Noviembre
2019- Febrero 2020 donde se empleó estadística descriptiva para el análisis de los resultados.
De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos la mayor parte de la población corresponde al sexo
masculino (57%), se evidenció un grupo importante de pacientes con desnutrición leve (58%) y
desnutrición severa (25%). El 53% de la población de sexo masculino presentó anemia leve y el
43% presentó anemia moderada en el sexo femenino; así como un porcentaje considerable de
desnutrición moderada relacionada con la albúmina (66%). Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que
existe un déficit calórico proteico en pacientes con VIH, de ahí su importancia del manejo
integral y educación nutricional para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes seropositivos.
The objective of this research was to develop a nutritional guide for patients with Protein Caloric Wear of the Hospital of Infectology Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña who receive antiretroviral treatment optimizing their quality of life. Methodologically, the work is approached from the perspective of the types of non-experimental, cross-cutting scientific research with a descriptive scope and a quantitative approach; the medical records of the 53 patients with Human Inmunodeficiency Virus (HIV) hospitalized at the Hospital de Infectology Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña were analyzed using inclusion and exclusion criteria, in the period November 2019- February 2020 where descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of the results. According to the results obtained of the majority of the population was found to be male (57%), a significant group of patients with mild malnutrition (58%) was shown severe malnutrition (25%). 53% of the male population was found to have mild anaemia and 43% had moderate anaemia in the female sex; as well as a significant percentage of moderate albumin-related malnutrition (66%). It can therefore be concluded that there is a protein caloric deficiency in HIV patients, hence its importance of comprehensive management and nutritional education to improve the quality of life of HIV- positive patients.
The objective of this research was to develop a nutritional guide for patients with Protein Caloric Wear of the Hospital of Infectology Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña who receive antiretroviral treatment optimizing their quality of life. Methodologically, the work is approached from the perspective of the types of non-experimental, cross-cutting scientific research with a descriptive scope and a quantitative approach; the medical records of the 53 patients with Human Inmunodeficiency Virus (HIV) hospitalized at the Hospital de Infectology Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña were analyzed using inclusion and exclusion criteria, in the period November 2019- February 2020 where descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of the results. According to the results obtained of the majority of the population was found to be male (57%), a significant group of patients with mild malnutrition (58%) was shown severe malnutrition (25%). 53% of the male population was found to have mild anaemia and 43% had moderate anaemia in the female sex; as well as a significant percentage of moderate albumin-related malnutrition (66%). It can therefore be concluded that there is a protein caloric deficiency in HIV patients, hence its importance of comprehensive management and nutritional education to improve the quality of life of HIV- positive patients.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
Guías alimentarias, Desgaste calórico proteico, Pacientes hospitalizados, Tratamiento, Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Indice de masa corporal, Desnutrición, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital de Infectología Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador