Preeclampsia : relación con la alimentación en gestantes
Fecha
2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Determinar la relación entre el
desarrollo de la preeclampsia y la alimentación de la gestante durante las primeras 20
semanas del embarazo, metodología: Se realizó un trabajo de investigación de tipo
descriptivo, transversal, correlacional, realizado entre Noviembre de 2020 a Enero de
2021, para lo cual se contó con una muestra compuesta por 80 participantes de las
cuales 33 gestantes padecían preeclampsia y 47 gestantes no presentaban preeclampsia,
cumpliendo los siguientes criterios: edad de 18 a 35 años, embarazo mayor de 30
semanas, residente de las inmediaciones del centro de salud, resultados: se presento
una media de 27 Kg/m2 de índice de masa corporal pregestacional, en promedio con
pacientes en sobrepeso, el 50% escoge sus alimentos por el sabor que posee, 49% de las
embarazadas encuestadas agrega sal al plato de comida ya servido, 55% consume
menos de 6 vasos de agua al día, conclusión: La alimentación no adecuada durante la
gestación influye estadísticamente en la aparición de la preeclampsia, pese a que la gran
mayoría de pacientes iniciaron su gestación con sobrepeso no todas desarrollaron la
enfermedad. El bajo consumo de agua pura durante el embarazo tiene una de las
relaciones estadísticas más significativas en la aparición de la enfermedad, tomando en
cuenta que más del 50% de las pacientes consumió menos de 6 vasos de agua, durante
su gestación.
The present investigation had as general objective: To determine the relationship between the development of preeclampsia and the feeding of the pregnant woman during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational research work was carried out, carried out between November from 2020 to January 2021, for which there was a sample made up of 80 participants, of which 33 pregnant women suffered from pre-eclampsia and 47 pregnant women did not present pre-eclampsia, meeting the following criteria: age 18 to 35 years, pregnancy greater than 30 weeks , a resident of the vicinity of the health center. Results: an average of 27 Kg / m2 of pre-pregnancy body mass index was presented, on average with overweight patients, 50% choose their food for the flavor it has, 49% of the pregnant women surveyed add salt to the food plate already served, 55% consume less than 6 glasses of water a day Conclusion: Inadequate nutrition during pregnancy statistically influences the appearance of pre-eclampsia, despite the fact that the vast majority of patients began their pregnancy with overweight, not all developed the disease. The low consumption of pure water during pregnancy has one of the most significant statistical relationships in the appearance of the disease, taking into account that more than 50% of the patients consumed less than 6 glasses of water during their pregnancy.
The present investigation had as general objective: To determine the relationship between the development of preeclampsia and the feeding of the pregnant woman during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational research work was carried out, carried out between November from 2020 to January 2021, for which there was a sample made up of 80 participants, of which 33 pregnant women suffered from pre-eclampsia and 47 pregnant women did not present pre-eclampsia, meeting the following criteria: age 18 to 35 years, pregnancy greater than 30 weeks , a resident of the vicinity of the health center. Results: an average of 27 Kg / m2 of pre-pregnancy body mass index was presented, on average with overweight patients, 50% choose their food for the flavor it has, 49% of the pregnant women surveyed add salt to the food plate already served, 55% consume less than 6 glasses of water a day Conclusion: Inadequate nutrition during pregnancy statistically influences the appearance of pre-eclampsia, despite the fact that the vast majority of patients began their pregnancy with overweight, not all developed the disease. The low consumption of pure water during pregnancy has one of the most significant statistical relationships in the appearance of the disease, taking into account that more than 50% of the patients consumed less than 6 glasses of water during their pregnancy.
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MUJERES EMBARAZAS, PREECLAMPSIA, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, NUTRICION PRENATAL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, CENTRO DE SALUD FLORESTA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR