Estado nutricional y su relación con calidad de vida de pacientes diagnosticados con enfermedad renal crónica -1-
Fecha
2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La enfermedad renal crónica representa una gran problemática a nivel de salud pública, lo
que condiciona un mayor número de complicaciones que se asocian a esta patología, esto
conlleva un aumento de morbimortalidad y un elevado gasto sanitario; el objetivo
planteado en este trabajo de investigación fue establecer la relación entre el estado
nutricional con la calidad de vida. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo descriptivo y analítico
con un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo; mediante el muestreo no probabilístico
conformado por 50 pacientes, luego de analizar los datos obtenidos mediante la
metodología planteada; tomando en cuenta como indicador el parámetro antropométrico
donde nos refleja que el 36% de los pacientes poseen un estado adecuado en cuanto al
índice de Masa Corporal; así como un 60% de estos no presentó signos de pérdida muscular;
el 66% de los pacientes presentó un porcentaje de masa grasa normal, seguido de los
parámetros bioquímicos el cual refleja un 80% con respecto a la albúmina, lo que indica
que se encuentra dentro de los rangos normales; por lo tanto, esto servirá como guía para
poder establecer políticas adecuadas en beneficio de este grupo vulnerable. Se concluye
que la investigación no presenta ningún tipo de significancia estadística entre el estado
nutricional y la calidad de vida en paciente renales crónicos, evidenciándolo con el deterioro
físico, psicológico y social debido a la adaptación del tratamiento hemodialìtico, esto se
asociaría con factores que limitarían el estilo de vida de manera directa e indirectamente.
Chronic kidney disease represents a great problem at the level of public health, which conditions a greater number of complications that are associated with this pathology, this leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality and a high health expenditure; the objective of this research paper was to establish the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life. The methodology used was descriptive and analytical with a qualitative and quantitative approach; through non-probabilistic sampling consisting of 50 patients, after analyzing the data obtained through the proposed methodology; taking into account as an indicator the anthropometric parameter where it reflects that 36% of patients have an adequate state in terms of Body Mass Index; as well as 60% of these did not show signs of muscle loss; 66% of patients had a percentage of normal fat mass, followed by biochemical parameters which reflects 80% with respect to albumin, indicating that it is within normal ranges; therefore, this will serve as a guide to be able to establish appropriate policies for the benefit of this vulnerable group. It is concluded that the research does not present any type of statistical significance between nutritional status and quality of life in chronic renal patients, evidencing it with the physical, psychological and social deterioration due to the adaptation of hemodialytic treatment
Chronic kidney disease represents a great problem at the level of public health, which conditions a greater number of complications that are associated with this pathology, this leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality and a high health expenditure; the objective of this research paper was to establish the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life. The methodology used was descriptive and analytical with a qualitative and quantitative approach; through non-probabilistic sampling consisting of 50 patients, after analyzing the data obtained through the proposed methodology; taking into account as an indicator the anthropometric parameter where it reflects that 36% of patients have an adequate state in terms of Body Mass Index; as well as 60% of these did not show signs of muscle loss; 66% of patients had a percentage of normal fat mass, followed by biochemical parameters which reflects 80% with respect to albumin, indicating that it is within normal ranges; therefore, this will serve as a guide to be able to establish appropriate policies for the benefit of this vulnerable group. It is concluded that the research does not present any type of statistical significance between nutritional status and quality of life in chronic renal patients, evidencing it with the physical, psychological and social deterioration due to the adaptation of hemodialytic treatment
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ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, INSUFICIENCIA RENAL CRÓNICA, CALIDAD DE VIDA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, FUNDACION RENAL DEL ESCUADOR IÑIGO ALVAREZ DE TOLEDO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR