Programa de estrategias cognitivas en adolescentes deportistas de entre 13 a 18 años de edad
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
Al término de la investigación se evidencio, que la mayor prevalencia de desorientación cognitiva estuvo en el género masculino con un 73% de los participantes, en las edades de 13 a 18 años de edad. De tal manera que la desorientación cognitiva, son las acciones o los espacios de tiempo que la persona no están conscientes de las tareas que deben realiza. Dentro del deporte la desorientación cognitiva se puede observar cómo déficit atención, concentración, memoria y resolución de problemas que prestan los deportistas en sus tareas dentro y fuera del campo de juego. Considerando las manifestaciones anteriormente mencionadas, se establece en el Club Especializado Formativo Independiente Santo Domingo, el Programa de Estrategias Cognitivas en Adolescentes deportistas de entre 13 a 18 años de edad, que consisten en actividades que mejoran los niveles de atención, memoria y concentración, así como fomentar la resolución de problemas identificando las ventajas y desventajas dentro del juego competitivo, y la regulación emocional, que hace referencia a la ansiedad precompetitiva, los nervios, y aceptación del error tanto propios como ajenos, que se observan frecuentemente en la práctica deportiva. La metodología que se utilizó para llevar a cabo lo antes mencionado, fue la investigación exploratoria, descriptiva, experimental, junto con los instrumentos de evaluación (pre y post test), Cuestionario de estrategias cognitiva en deportistas, para obtener los datos necesarios orientados a los parámetros de esta investigación, arrojando que el 66,6% de los adolescentes deportistas, mejoran sus niveles de concentración por medio de actividades como el tangram y buscando parejas y situaciones estresantes. Para el Cuerpo Técnico se realizó una encuesta tipo Likert, donde se evidencia que están muy de acuerdo con las actividades cognitivas para mejorar y potenciar los niveles de atención, memoria y concentración de los adolescentes deportistas.
At the end of the research, it was evident that the highest prevalence of cognitive disorientation was in the male gender with 73% of the participants, between the ages of 13 and 18 years of age. In such a way that cognitive disorientation, are the actions or spaces of time that the person are not aware of the tasks they must perform. Within sport, cognitive disorientation can be observed as deficits in attention, concentration, memory and problem solving that athletes provide in their tasks on and off the field of play. Considering the aforementioned manifestations, the Program for Cognitive Strategies in Sports Adolescents between 13 to 18 years of age is established in the Santo Domingo Specialized Independent Training Club, which consists of activities that improve levels of attention, memory and concentration, as well how to promote problem solving by identifying the advantages and disadvantages within competitive play, and emotional regulation, which refers to precompetitive anxiety, nerves, and acceptance of mistakes both own and others, which are frequently observed in sports practice. The methodology that was used to carry out the aforementioned was exploratory, descriptive, experimental research, together with the evaluation instruments (pre and post test), Questionnaire of cognitive strategies in athletes, to obtain the necessary data oriented to the parameters of this research, showing that 66.6% of adolescent athletes improve their concentration levels through activities such as tangram and looking for partners and stressful situations. For the Technical Corps, a Likert-type survey was carried out, where it is evidenced that they strongly agree with the cognitive activities to improve and enhance the levels of attention, memory and concentration of adolescent athletes.
At the end of the research, it was evident that the highest prevalence of cognitive disorientation was in the male gender with 73% of the participants, between the ages of 13 and 18 years of age. In such a way that cognitive disorientation, are the actions or spaces of time that the person are not aware of the tasks they must perform. Within sport, cognitive disorientation can be observed as deficits in attention, concentration, memory and problem solving that athletes provide in their tasks on and off the field of play. Considering the aforementioned manifestations, the Program for Cognitive Strategies in Sports Adolescents between 13 to 18 years of age is established in the Santo Domingo Specialized Independent Training Club, which consists of activities that improve levels of attention, memory and concentration, as well how to promote problem solving by identifying the advantages and disadvantages within competitive play, and emotional regulation, which refers to precompetitive anxiety, nerves, and acceptance of mistakes both own and others, which are frequently observed in sports practice. The methodology that was used to carry out the aforementioned was exploratory, descriptive, experimental research, together with the evaluation instruments (pre and post test), Questionnaire of cognitive strategies in athletes, to obtain the necessary data oriented to the parameters of this research, showing that 66.6% of adolescent athletes improve their concentration levels through activities such as tangram and looking for partners and stressful situations. For the Technical Corps, a Likert-type survey was carried out, where it is evidenced that they strongly agree with the cognitive activities to improve and enhance the levels of attention, memory and concentration of adolescent athletes.
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ESTRATEGIAS COGNITIVAS, ADOLESCENTE, DEPORTISTAS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, CLUB ESPECIALIZADO FORMATIVO INDEPENDIENTE SANTO DOMINGO, CANTON SANTO DOMINGO, ECUADOR