Análisis de la pesca artesanal, composición de las capturas y estacionalidad de los desembarques en el sistema fluvial del cantón Babahoyo durante el período 2010
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2013
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Unidad de Postgrado Investigación y Desarrollo
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En el presente estudió se realizaron muestreos cuali-cuantitativos mediante salidas de campo, registros de desembarques y encuestas, para determinar la cantidad de pesca descargada y la problemática actual de la pesca artesanal en el cantón Babahoyo. Los desembarques registrados, demostraron que la pesca artesanal presenta una fuerte estacionalidad, siendo la estación lluviosa la más productiva, la Captura total estimada durante el año de estudio fue de 117.39 toneladas, el análisis estadístico demostró que existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre la captura total y el esfuerzo pero no existió relación entre la captura total y captura por unidad de esfuerzo, así como también entre el esfuerzo pesquero y la captura por unidad de esfuerzo. La especie que dominó durante todo el periodo de muestreo Curimatorbis boulengeri (Dica) con un 47 % total de los desembarques correspondientes a una captura total de 23,701kg, mientr as que el Ichthyoelephas humeralis (Bocachico) que es el pez más representativo de Babahoyo solo constituyo el 5% con apenas 2,391kg de la captura anual. También se realizó una matriz de Impacto Ambiental, para determinar la magnitud de afectación al ambiente, siendo la pesca con paños en la boca de los esteros la de mayores impactos negativos y la utilización de la línea de mano con anzuelo el arte de pesca menos perjudicial con el ambiente.
The present study show us how qualitative and quantitative samplings were carried out through field trips, landing records and surveys to determine the amount of fish landed and the current problem to Artisanal fisheries in Babahoyo. Recorded landings showed that artisanal fishing has a high seasonal, being the rainy season the most productive, the estimated total catch during the study year was 117.39 tons; statistical analysis showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the total catch and the effort, but there was no relationship between the total catch and catch per unit effort, and even between the fishing effort and the catch per unit effort. The species Curimatorbis boulengeri (Dica) was the one that dominated throughout the sampling time with 47% of the total landings for a total catch of 23 701kg, whereas that of Ichthyoelephas humeralis (bocachico) which is the most representative of Babahoyo constituted only 5% with just 2 391kg of the annual catch. An environmental impact matrix was also carried out to determine the extent of impact to the environment, being the fishing at the mouth of estuaries with rags the biggest negative impacts and the use of hand line hook fishing gear less harmful to the environment.
The present study show us how qualitative and quantitative samplings were carried out through field trips, landing records and surveys to determine the amount of fish landed and the current problem to Artisanal fisheries in Babahoyo. Recorded landings showed that artisanal fishing has a high seasonal, being the rainy season the most productive, the estimated total catch during the study year was 117.39 tons; statistical analysis showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the total catch and the effort, but there was no relationship between the total catch and catch per unit effort, and even between the fishing effort and the catch per unit effort. The species Curimatorbis boulengeri (Dica) was the one that dominated throughout the sampling time with 47% of the total landings for a total catch of 23 701kg, whereas that of Ichthyoelephas humeralis (bocachico) which is the most representative of Babahoyo constituted only 5% with just 2 391kg of the annual catch. An environmental impact matrix was also carried out to determine the extent of impact to the environment, being the fishing at the mouth of estuaries with rags the biggest negative impacts and the use of hand line hook fishing gear less harmful to the environment.
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PESCA ARTESANAL, SISTEMA FLUVIAL, DESEMBARQUE