Entrenamiento de la memoria para mejorar actividades de la vida diaria en adultos mayores con deterioro cognitivo leve
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El presente proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo emplear estrategias y técnicas para entrenamiento de la memoria con el propósito de disminuir aquellas complicaciones que causa el deterioro cognitivo y mejorar el desempeño de las actividades de la vida diaria básicas (ABVD) en los adultos mayores de la Fundación La Casa del Hombre Doliente. METODOLOGÍA: descriptiva, exploratoria, observacional, cualitativa, ya que nos enfocaremos en medir con la mayor precisión posible la capacidad funcional y memoria, a fin de encontrar los procedimientos adecuados para la intervención. RESULTADOS: La edad más predominante de los adultos mayores fue de 65 a 70 años con 62%, el sexo masculino con 69%, 64% procedentes de Guayaquil, la patología sobresaliente fue la epilepsia con 39%, el 62% utiliza ayudas técnicas, 69% ejecutaban las ABVD de forma independiente, 77% mostró complicaciones en la memoria a corto plazo en la orientación temporo espacial y el 69% problemas acerca de información sobre el mundo circundante, el 61% demostró deterioro cognitivo leve y el 31% refiere depresión. CONCLUSIÓN: se determinó que la implementación de actividades para el entrenamiento de la memoria favorece el desempeño ocupacional del adulto mayor e influyen positivamente en el estado de ánimo.
The present research project aims to use strategies and techniques for memory training in order to reduce those complications caused by cognitive impairment and improve the performance of basic activities of daily living (ABVD) in older adults of La Casa del Hombre Doliente Foundation. METHODOLOGY: descriptive, exploratory, observational, qualitative, since we will focus on measuring functional capacity and memory as accurately as possible, in order to find the appropriate procedures for the intervention. RESULTS: The most prevalent age of the elderly was from 65 to 70 years with 62%, the male sex with 69%, 64% from Guayaquil, the outstanding pathology was epilepsy with 39%, 62% used technical aids, 69% performed the ABVD independently, 77% showed complications in short-term memory in spatial temporal orientation and 69% problems about information about the surrounding world, 61% showed mild cognitive impairment and 31% reported depression. CONCLUSION: it was determined that the implementation of activities for memory training favors the occupational performance of the elderly and positively influences the state of mind.
The present research project aims to use strategies and techniques for memory training in order to reduce those complications caused by cognitive impairment and improve the performance of basic activities of daily living (ABVD) in older adults of La Casa del Hombre Doliente Foundation. METHODOLOGY: descriptive, exploratory, observational, qualitative, since we will focus on measuring functional capacity and memory as accurately as possible, in order to find the appropriate procedures for the intervention. RESULTS: The most prevalent age of the elderly was from 65 to 70 years with 62%, the male sex with 69%, 64% from Guayaquil, the outstanding pathology was epilepsy with 39%, 62% used technical aids, 69% performed the ABVD independently, 77% showed complications in short-term memory in spatial temporal orientation and 69% problems about information about the surrounding world, 61% showed mild cognitive impairment and 31% reported depression. CONCLUSION: it was determined that the implementation of activities for memory training favors the occupational performance of the elderly and positively influences the state of mind.
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APRENDIZAJE, ANCIOANO, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, FUNDACIÓN CASA DEL HOMBRE DOLIENTE, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR