Composición y estructura de un fragmento de bosque húmedo en Centinela, Provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, en el Occidente del Ecuador
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2024
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales
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El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la composición florística del bosque húmedo Centinela, con fines de restauración del bosque perteneciente a la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Se escogieron dos sectores al azar en diferentes altitudes del bosque, delimitados por transectos rectangulares de 500 m2 de área cada uno. Se colectaron e identificaron las especies de los estratos arbóreos, herbáceo, trepador, epífito y arbustivo de cada sector; y se midió el DAP y la altura total de los árboles presentes. Los datos dasométricos tomados se utilizaron para el cálculo del área basal y el volumen del dosel que ocupan los individuos en el sector; y se categorizaron las especies de acuerdo con el estado de conservación que poseen. Se reportaron 53 individuos arbóreos (5 %), 741 herbáceos (71 %), 90 trepadoras (9 %), 129 epífitas (12 %) y 30 arbustivas (3 %) en los dos sectores. La estructura del bosque se caracteriza por tener la mayor cantidad de individuos arbóreos con clase diamétrica inferior; sin embargo, los árboles con mayor DAP, brindan un área basal total mayor al bosque. La mayoría de las especies del bosque no se encuentran evaluadas; no obstante, especies del género Gasteranthus y Amyris centinenlensis, son de alto riesgo con un estado CR y EN de conservación, respectivamente. Centinela se considera un “bosque selectivamente talado”, según su composición y los valores calculados en su estructura, más la presencia de claros y troncos muertos en el suelo.
The objective of this study was to determinate the floristic composition of the Centinela rainforest for forest restoration purposes in the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Two sectors were chose at random in different altitudes of the forest, delimited by rectangular transects of 500 m2 for each area. The species of the arboreal, herbaceous, climbing, epiphytic and shrub strata of each sector were collected and identified; and the DBH and total height of the trees were measured. The data collected were used to calculate the basal area and canopy volume occupied by the organisms of the sector; and the species were categorized according to their conservation status. It reported 53 arboreal individuals (5 %), 741 herbaceous (71 %), 90 climbers (9 %), 129 epiphytes (12 %) and 30 shrubs (3 %) in the two sectors. The forest structure is characterized by having the largest number of trees with lower diameter class; however, trees with higher DBH provide a greater total basal area to the forest. Mosto f the species in the forest are not evaluated;however; species of the genus Gasteranthus and Amyris centinelensis are in high risk category with CR and EN conservation status, respectively. Centinela is considered a “selectiveñy logged forest”, according to its composition and the values calculated in its structure, plus the pressence of big learings and dead logs.
The objective of this study was to determinate the floristic composition of the Centinela rainforest for forest restoration purposes in the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador. Two sectors were chose at random in different altitudes of the forest, delimited by rectangular transects of 500 m2 for each area. The species of the arboreal, herbaceous, climbing, epiphytic and shrub strata of each sector were collected and identified; and the DBH and total height of the trees were measured. The data collected were used to calculate the basal area and canopy volume occupied by the organisms of the sector; and the species were categorized according to their conservation status. It reported 53 arboreal individuals (5 %), 741 herbaceous (71 %), 90 climbers (9 %), 129 epiphytes (12 %) and 30 shrubs (3 %) in the two sectors. The forest structure is characterized by having the largest number of trees with lower diameter class; however, trees with higher DBH provide a greater total basal area to the forest. Mosto f the species in the forest are not evaluated;however; species of the genus Gasteranthus and Amyris centinelensis are in high risk category with CR and EN conservation status, respectively. Centinela is considered a “selectiveñy logged forest”, according to its composition and the values calculated in its structure, plus the pressence of big learings and dead logs.
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CENTINELA, BOSQUE HÚMEDO TROPICAL, COMPOSICIÓN FLORÍSTICA, ESTRUCTURA, DIVERSIDAD