"Incidencia de pielonefritis aguda en gestantes de 18 a 25 años de edad en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Enrique C. Sotomayor de septiembre del 2012
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2013-09-20
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Obstetricia
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Pielonefritis aguda, gestación, complicaciones, control prenatal
RESUMEN: La pielonefritis aguda es una enfermedad común durante la gestación, que predispone a complicaciones en el embarazo y en el parto, por este motivo se planteó como objetivo determinar la incidencia de pielonefritis aguda en gestantes de 18 a 25 años de edad en el Hospital Gineco – Obstétrico “Enrique C. Sotomayor” de septiembre del 2012 hasta febrero del 2013. La metodología del estudio fue de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, de corte transversal, con el uso de técnica de la encuesta e instrumento del cuestionario, que se aplicaron a 52 gestantes de 18 a 25 años de edad con pielonefritis aguda, para cumplir con el objetivo general y verificar la hipótesis. Los resultados más relevantes fueron que de 52 gestantes encuestadas, 50% tienen nivel de instrucción primaria, 73% no asistieron con frecuencia al control prenatal que fue la causa principal para que el 99% de pacientes hayan sido diagnosticadas con pielonefritis aguda después del primer trimestre de la gestación, quienes llegaron con síntomas de dolor lumbar, cefalea, náuseas, vómitos, alza térmica, mientras que el 60% presentaron infecciones urinarias recurrentes en anteriores embarazos, el 40% fueron multíparas y tuvieron un hijo pretérmino, además, las beneficiarias no fueron prescritas con el examen de orina para un diagnóstico precoz de pielonefritis, por ello se concluyó que las gestantes de 18 a 25 años de edad desconocen la importancia del control prenatal y los profesionales de salud no están prescribiendo el examen de orina en la primera consulta, que son las causas para que no se haya realizado el diagnóstico precoz de pielonefritis aguda en gestantes, por lo que se planteó un plan educativo a este grupo etáreo de embarazadas para promover la toma de conciencia de la importancia del control prenatal y del examen de orina, para mejorar la calidad de vida de la población beneficiaria.
Acute pyelonephritis , pregnancy complications , prenatal SUMMARY : Acute pyelonephritis is a common disease during pregnancy, predisposing to complications in pregnancy and childbirth , for this reason we set a goal to determine the incidence of acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women 18-25 years of age at the Hospital OB - Obstetrician " Enrique C. Sotomayor " September 2012 until February 2013. The methodology of the study was a quantitative , descriptive , cross-sectional , using the survey technique and instrument of the questionnaire, which was applied to 52 pregnant women 18-25 years of age with acute pyelonephritis, to meet the objective General and verify hypotheses. The main results were that of 52 pregnant women surveyed , 50 % had primary level of education , 73 % did not attend antenatal care frequently was the main cause for the 99 % of patients have been diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis after the first trimester of gestation , who arrived with symptoms of low back pain , headache, nausea , vomiting , increase heat , while 60 % had recurrent urinary tract infections in previous pregnancies , 40% were multiparous and had a son preterm also beneficiaries not were prescribed with urine test for early diagnosis of pyelonephritis therefore concluded that pregnant women of 18-25 years of age are unaware of the importance of prenatal care and health professionals are not prescribing the urine test at the first visit , which are the causes for which has not been made early diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women , so it was proposed educational plan of pregnant women this age group to promote awareness of the importance of prenatal care and examination of urine , to improve the quality of life of the beneficiary population.
Acute pyelonephritis , pregnancy complications , prenatal SUMMARY : Acute pyelonephritis is a common disease during pregnancy, predisposing to complications in pregnancy and childbirth , for this reason we set a goal to determine the incidence of acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women 18-25 years of age at the Hospital OB - Obstetrician " Enrique C. Sotomayor " September 2012 until February 2013. The methodology of the study was a quantitative , descriptive , cross-sectional , using the survey technique and instrument of the questionnaire, which was applied to 52 pregnant women 18-25 years of age with acute pyelonephritis, to meet the objective General and verify hypotheses. The main results were that of 52 pregnant women surveyed , 50 % had primary level of education , 73 % did not attend antenatal care frequently was the main cause for the 99 % of patients have been diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis after the first trimester of gestation , who arrived with symptoms of low back pain , headache, nausea , vomiting , increase heat , while 60 % had recurrent urinary tract infections in previous pregnancies , 40% were multiparous and had a son preterm also beneficiaries not were prescribed with urine test for early diagnosis of pyelonephritis therefore concluded that pregnant women of 18-25 years of age are unaware of the importance of prenatal care and health professionals are not prescribing the urine test at the first visit , which are the causes for which has not been made early diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women , so it was proposed educational plan of pregnant women this age group to promote awareness of the importance of prenatal care and examination of urine , to improve the quality of life of the beneficiary population.
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PIELONEFRITIS AGUDA, CONTROL PRENATAL, GESTACION, HOSPITAL GINECO-OBSTETRICO "ENRIQUE C. SOTOMAYOR"