Toxicidad del hipoclorito sódico en tejidos periradiculares en el tratamiento endodóntico
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2013-06-21
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La irrigación durante el tratamiento endodóntico es fundamental para conseguir la limpieza adecuada del conducto. En la actualidad, el irrigante más usado, debido a sus propiedades, capacidad bactericida y de disolver tejidos, es el hipoclorito sódico, a concentraciones entre 0,5% y 5,25%. Sin embargo, es conocida su alta toxicidad cuando entra en contacto con los tejidos periradiculares por la existencia de ápices anchos o abiertos, la incorrecta medición de la longitud, el enclavamiento de la aguja, reabsorciones radiculares y a la perforación del canal durante su apertura o desbridamiento.
Los efectos adversos por hipoclorito sódico, no son muy frecuentes, aunque cuando suceden, la extrusión provoca cuadros muy aparatosos como: edemas, enfisema y/o tumefacción. Pese a que no suelen comprometer la vida del paciente. A pesar de que existan una serie de recomendaciones cuyo fin es disminuir la incidencia de estos accidentes, no se pueden evitar completamente, por lo que además de conocer la técnica correcta, se deberá saber también el protocolo de actuación ante estos casos.
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar las causas y efectos que ocasiona el hipoclorito de sodio en la irrigación del conducto radicular durante la terapia endodóntica, tomando en cuenta el grado de toxicidad en los tejidos periradiculares.
Irrigation during endodontic treatment is essential for proper duct cleaning . Currently, the most widely used irrigant , due to its properties , and dissolving tissues bactericidal capacity, the sodium hypochlorite , at concentrations between 0.5% and 5.25 % . However, it is known to be highly toxic when in contact with the peri-radicular tissues by the existence of wide or open apices , incorrect measurement of the length, the locking of the needle, root resorption and puncture channel during opening or debridement . Adverse effects of sodium hypochlorite, are not very frequent, but when they happen , extrusion causes very bulky boxes as edema , emphysema and / or swelling. Although not usually life threatening for the patient. Although there are a number of recommendations aimed at reducing the incidence of such accidents can not be completely avoided , so in addition to knowing the right technique , you must also know the protocol for action in these cases. This research aims to determine the causes and effects caused by the sodium hypochlorite on root canal irrigation during endodontic therapy , taking into account the degree of toxicity in peri-radicular tissues.
Irrigation during endodontic treatment is essential for proper duct cleaning . Currently, the most widely used irrigant , due to its properties , and dissolving tissues bactericidal capacity, the sodium hypochlorite , at concentrations between 0.5% and 5.25 % . However, it is known to be highly toxic when in contact with the peri-radicular tissues by the existence of wide or open apices , incorrect measurement of the length, the locking of the needle, root resorption and puncture channel during opening or debridement . Adverse effects of sodium hypochlorite, are not very frequent, but when they happen , extrusion causes very bulky boxes as edema , emphysema and / or swelling. Although not usually life threatening for the patient. Although there are a number of recommendations aimed at reducing the incidence of such accidents can not be completely avoided , so in addition to knowing the right technique , you must also know the protocol for action in these cases. This research aims to determine the causes and effects caused by the sodium hypochlorite on root canal irrigation during endodontic therapy , taking into account the degree of toxicity in peri-radicular tissues.
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ENDODONCIA, IRRIGANTES DEL CONDUCTO RADICULAR, TRATAMIENTO ENDODONTICO