Prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados al sobrepeso y obesidad infantil
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Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Antecedentes: La obesidad es un problema de salud pública, constituye la enfermedad
crónica no transmisible más frecuente según datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y
la prevalencia de obesidad infantil tiene características de epidemia mundial. Es una
enfermedad que va en aumento tanto en Ecuador como en el resto del mundo, las
transgresiones dietéticas y el sedentarismo son los factores fundamentales para este alarmante
aumento de su prevalencia. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo en pacientes con
sobrepeso y obesidad que asisten al Centro Comunitario de apadrinamiento Francisco Jácome
Fundación Niñez Internacional en el año 2016. Materiales y métodos: Este proyecto será de
tipo descriptivo, cuantitativo, transversal. Se llevará a cabo en el periodo de abril a
septiembre del 2016, se analizarán 140 registros médicos de niños que han sido atendidos en
nuestra unidad médica. Resultados: Encontramos que de los 140 niños estudiados el 52%
pertenece a estrato social C-, 21% C y 27% D. 131 presentaron diagnóstico de sobrepeso y 9
diagnóstico de obesidad, siendo el grupo mayoritario los de sexo masculino con un 57.9%,
mientras que el sexo femenino tuvo un 42.1%. La edad con mayor índice de sobrepeso y
obesidad fue el grupo de 10 años. El 57.9% presentó obesidad de tipo androide y el 100% de
los pacientes presentaron algún factor de riesgo asociado a la enfermedad. Conclusiones: Los
antecedentes patológicos familiares, hábitos alimentarios y falta de actividad física están
directamente relacionados al desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad.
Background: Obesity is a public health problem, is the most common non-communicable chronic disease according to the World Health Organization and the prevalence of childhood obesity has characteristics of global epidemic. It is a disease that is increasing both in Ecuador and in the rest of the world, dietary transgressions and physical inactivity are the key factors for this alarming increase in its prevalence. Objective: To identify risk factors in overweight and obese patients who attend the Community Center sponsorship Francisco Jacome Childhood Foundation International in 2016. Materials and methods: This project will be descriptive, quantitative, transversal. It will be held in the period April to September 2016, 140 medical records of children who have been treated in our medical unit will be discussed. Results: We found that of the 140 children studied, 52% belong to social stratum C, 21% C and 27% D. 131 had a diagnosis of overweight and obesity diagnosis and 9 had diagnosis de obesity, the largest group being the male with 57.9% while females was 42.1%. Age with the highest rate of overweight and obesity was the group of 10 years. 57.9% had android obesity type and 100% of patients had a risk factor associated with the disease. Conclusions: family medical history, eating habits and lack of physical activity are directly related to the development of overweight and obesity
Background: Obesity is a public health problem, is the most common non-communicable chronic disease according to the World Health Organization and the prevalence of childhood obesity has characteristics of global epidemic. It is a disease that is increasing both in Ecuador and in the rest of the world, dietary transgressions and physical inactivity are the key factors for this alarming increase in its prevalence. Objective: To identify risk factors in overweight and obese patients who attend the Community Center sponsorship Francisco Jacome Childhood Foundation International in 2016. Materials and methods: This project will be descriptive, quantitative, transversal. It will be held in the period April to September 2016, 140 medical records of children who have been treated in our medical unit will be discussed. Results: We found that of the 140 children studied, 52% belong to social stratum C, 21% C and 27% D. 131 had a diagnosis of overweight and obesity diagnosis and 9 had diagnosis de obesity, the largest group being the male with 57.9% while females was 42.1%. Age with the highest rate of overweight and obesity was the group of 10 years. 57.9% had android obesity type and 100% of patients had a risk factor associated with the disease. Conclusions: family medical history, eating habits and lack of physical activity are directly related to the development of overweight and obesity
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Obesidad, Sobrepeso, Pediatría, Salud del niño, Epidemiología descriptiva, Children International, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Prevalencia