Conocimiento y prácticas de salud bucal en embarazadas
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2023-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
El embarazo es una condición especial para una mujer asociada con cambios fisiológicos y emocionales en el cuerpo; además, la higiene bucal durante el embarazo ha sido reconocida a nivel mundial como un problema de salud importante, los estudios informaron diversas patologías orales entre las mujeres embarazadas como la gingivitis que es una de las enfermedades periodontales más comunes durante el embarazo debido a que la encía muestra una respuesta inflamatoria exagerada a la placa bacteriana, atribuida al aumento del nivel de hormonas como el estrógeno y la progesterona. Objetivo: Compilar los conocimientos y procedimientos de salud bucal en embarazadas. Metodología: Es una investigación de tipo cualitativa, descriptiva y documental. Conclusiones: Para el manejo preventivo de las mujeres embarazadas se debe considerar el cuidado oral y dental a diario usando cepillos de dientes, colutorios, hilo dental y la asistencia al odontólogo al menos 1 vez por trimestre; para los tratamientos curativos se sabe que el segundo trimestre es el período más adecuado para realizar muchos tratamientos como la exodoncia y endodoncia. Recomendación: Instruir a las madres gestantes de los diferentes centros de salud, hospitales y comunidades sobre los factores de riesgo que producen las enfermedades orales durante el embarazo, con el propósito de disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad materna, además de la prevención de enfermedades orales.
Pregnancy is a special condition for a woman associated with physiological and emotional changes in the body; in addition, oral hygiene during pregnancy has been recognized worldwide as an important health problem, studies reported various oral pathologies among pregnant women such as gingivitis which is one of the most common periodontal diseases during pregnancy because the gum shows an exaggerated inflammatory response to bacterial plaque, attributed to the increased level of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. Aim: To compile oral health knowledge and procedures in pregnant women. Methodology: It is a qualitative, descriptive and documentary research. Conclusions: Preventive management of pregnant women should consider daily oral and dental care using toothbrushes, mouthwashes, dental floss and attending the dentist at least once per trimester; for curative treatments it is known that the second trimester is the most appropriate period to carry out many treatments such as extractions and endodontics. Recommendation: To instruct pregnant mothers in different health centers, hospitals and communities about the risk factors that cause oral diseases during pregnancy, with the purpose of reducing maternal morbidity and mortality, in addition to the prevention of oral diseases.
Pregnancy is a special condition for a woman associated with physiological and emotional changes in the body; in addition, oral hygiene during pregnancy has been recognized worldwide as an important health problem, studies reported various oral pathologies among pregnant women such as gingivitis which is one of the most common periodontal diseases during pregnancy because the gum shows an exaggerated inflammatory response to bacterial plaque, attributed to the increased level of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. Aim: To compile oral health knowledge and procedures in pregnant women. Methodology: It is a qualitative, descriptive and documentary research. Conclusions: Preventive management of pregnant women should consider daily oral and dental care using toothbrushes, mouthwashes, dental floss and attending the dentist at least once per trimester; for curative treatments it is known that the second trimester is the most appropriate period to carry out many treatments such as extractions and endodontics. Recommendation: To instruct pregnant mothers in different health centers, hospitals and communities about the risk factors that cause oral diseases during pregnancy, with the purpose of reducing maternal morbidity and mortality, in addition to the prevention of oral diseases.
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EMBARAZO, SALUD BUCAL, GINGIVITIS