Diseño de un sistema de aireación para mejorar la operación de las lagunas de oxidación del Cantón Playas
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2016-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
El sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales del cantón Playas está constituido por dos lagunas facultativas dispuestas en paralelo, seguidas de una tercera, de maduración, cuyo efluente se descarga a un cuerpo receptor que es el río Arenas. La observación de aspectos constructivos, como la ausencia de un tratamiento preliminar, permitió establecer que el sistema antes descrito está sobrecargado, condición que está dada por la presencia exagerada de lodos, que impide la mezcla del afluente con el contenido de las lagunas. La recopilación de información, basada en resultados de análisis de laboratorio, corroboró lo antes señalado y sugiere la remoción urgente de los lodos existentes. El objetivo de este trabajo es el diseño de un sistema de aireación, cuya finalidad es optimizar la estabilidad del sistema de las lagunas de oxidación y prolongar su tiempo de vida útil. La metodología empleada se fundamenta en el cálculo de la potencia requerida, a partir de la tasa real de transferencia de oxígeno, resultado que fue adoptado, en virtud que sirvió para el cálculo de la potencia aparente, que permite determinar el consumo de energía y su costo mensual. Entre los resultados obtenidos desprende que la potencia requerida es de 255 KW, que será distribuida a través de cinco aireadores superficiales para el área de las dos lagunas facultativas; la presente propuesta constituirá una alternativa técnicamente viable para la empresa HIDROPLAYAS EP, que permitirá mejorar la sostenibilidad del servicio de saneamiento del cantón Playas.
The system wastewater treatment Canton Playas is constituted by two facultative lagoons arranged in parallel, followed by a, maturation, which effluent is discharged into a receiving body which is the river sands. The observation of constructive aspects, the absence of preliminary treatment, established that the system described above is overloaded condition is given by the excessive presence of sludge, which prevents mixing of the influent to the content of the gaps. The collection of information, based on laboratory test results confirmed the above points and suggests the urgent removal of existing sludge. The aim of this work is the design of an aeration system which aims to optimize the stability of the system of oxidation ponds and prolong their useful life. The methodology is based on the calculation of the power required from the actual rate of oxygen transfer, a result which was adopted under that served to calculate the apparent power, which determines energy consumption and cost monthly. Among the results obtained has the required power is 255 KW will be distributed through five surface to the area of the two facultative lagoons, this proposal aerators will constitute a technically viable alternative for the company HIDROPLAYAS EP, which will improve sustainability of sanitation services canton Playas.
The system wastewater treatment Canton Playas is constituted by two facultative lagoons arranged in parallel, followed by a, maturation, which effluent is discharged into a receiving body which is the river sands. The observation of constructive aspects, the absence of preliminary treatment, established that the system described above is overloaded condition is given by the excessive presence of sludge, which prevents mixing of the influent to the content of the gaps. The collection of information, based on laboratory test results confirmed the above points and suggests the urgent removal of existing sludge. The aim of this work is the design of an aeration system which aims to optimize the stability of the system of oxidation ponds and prolong their useful life. The methodology is based on the calculation of the power required from the actual rate of oxygen transfer, a result which was adopted under that served to calculate the apparent power, which determines energy consumption and cost monthly. Among the results obtained has the required power is 255 KW will be distributed through five surface to the area of the two facultative lagoons, this proposal aerators will constitute a technically viable alternative for the company HIDROPLAYAS EP, which will improve sustainability of sanitation services canton Playas.
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Lagunas facultativas, Lagunas de maduración, Cuerpo receptor, Facultative lagoons, Maturation lagoons, Receiving body