Comparación de actividad cicatrizante entre los aceites de las semillas de azadirachta indica y moringa oleífera en heridas cutáneas en ratas wistar
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
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Las plantas medicinales son remedios naturales que aportan beneficios al organismo. La fitomedicina se ve incrementada en las últimas décadas, debido a que las drogas de síntesis producen reacciones adversas. Esta investigación fue enfocada en principios básicos que rigen la cicatrización de heridas como respuesta natural a los daños producidos con funciones específicas de restauración e integridad tisular. Por esto se evaluó la aceleración del efecto cicatrizante entre el aceite de las semillas de Azadirachta indica y de Moringa oleífera. Se conformaron nueve grupos de seis animales cada uno: control normal, negativo, positivo, tres grupos Neem, tres grupos Moringa (30, 60,120 µl) respectivamente. La herida fue realizada previa anestesia del animal utilizando el método punch. Se observó y aplicó por siete días los tratamientos a los grupos respectivos. Finalizada la prueba los animales recibieron eutanasia y se recogió muestra de piel cicatrizada para ensayos histopatológicos. Como resultado se obtuvo que la concentración de Neem ensayada 4,38 mg/ml presentó a partir del segundo día humedad e inflamación 73 y 76% respectivamente; que disminuyeron paulatinamente hasta un cero %. La presencia de costra, en el día tres fue 20 y en el seis 100%. Por otro lado el aceite de Moringa 4,48 mg/ml no se observó cambios significativos en ninguno de los parámetros evaluados. Comparando los porcentajes de presencia de costra entre los grupos tenemos; cicatrización natural (B) el tercer día un 10 y 40 al final del estudio. Los tratados con Neem (E) el tercer día 30 y el en sexto el 100, mientras D, F un 80 y el séptimo día el 100, igual resultado presentó C (yodo). Los grupos con Moringa en el tercer día presentaron 10 y al término 60. Se concluye que los grupos con Neem presentaron aceleración en el proceso de cicatrización dentro del periodo de experimentación.
Medicinal plants are natural remedies that bring benefits to the organism. Phytomedicine’s production has increased in the last decades due to the adverse reactions of designer drugs. This research focused on basic principles that rule the scarification of wounds as a natural response to the damages produced with specific functions of tissue restoration and integrity. For this reason the acceleration of the scarring effect with Azadirachta indica seeds oil and Moringa was studied. Nine groups of animals were made: normal, negative and negative control, three Neem groups, three Moringa groups (30, 60.120 µl) respectively. The wound was made after placing the animal under anesthesia using the punch method. For seven days, these groups were observed while they received the treatment. After the test, the animals were euthanized, and scarred skin tissue samples were collected for histopathologic tests. As a result, after the second day, the concentration of Neem tested 4,38 mg/ml showed humity and inflammation of 73% and 76% respectively, which eventually dropped to zero. The presence of crust in the third day was 20% and in the sixth, 100%. On the other hand, concerning to the Moringa oil 4,48 mg/ml, no significant changes could be seen in any of the evaluated parameters. Comparing the percentages of the crust coverage among these groups, it can be said that: natural scarification (B) 10% the third day and 40% at the end of the research. The subjects treated with neem (E) 30% the third day and 100% the sixth, while D, F 80% the same day and 100% the seventh, the same as seen in C (iodine). The groups with Moringa presented 10% in the third day and 60% by the end. In conclusion, the groups with neem showed acceleration in the scarification process within the experimentation period.
Medicinal plants are natural remedies that bring benefits to the organism. Phytomedicine’s production has increased in the last decades due to the adverse reactions of designer drugs. This research focused on basic principles that rule the scarification of wounds as a natural response to the damages produced with specific functions of tissue restoration and integrity. For this reason the acceleration of the scarring effect with Azadirachta indica seeds oil and Moringa was studied. Nine groups of animals were made: normal, negative and negative control, three Neem groups, three Moringa groups (30, 60.120 µl) respectively. The wound was made after placing the animal under anesthesia using the punch method. For seven days, these groups were observed while they received the treatment. After the test, the animals were euthanized, and scarred skin tissue samples were collected for histopathologic tests. As a result, after the second day, the concentration of Neem tested 4,38 mg/ml showed humity and inflammation of 73% and 76% respectively, which eventually dropped to zero. The presence of crust in the third day was 20% and in the sixth, 100%. On the other hand, concerning to the Moringa oil 4,48 mg/ml, no significant changes could be seen in any of the evaluated parameters. Comparing the percentages of the crust coverage among these groups, it can be said that: natural scarification (B) 10% the third day and 40% at the end of the research. The subjects treated with neem (E) 30% the third day and 100% the sixth, while D, F 80% the same day and 100% the seventh, the same as seen in C (iodine). The groups with Moringa presented 10% in the third day and 60% by the end. In conclusion, the groups with neem showed acceleration in the scarification process within the experimentation period.
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ACTIVIDAD CICATRIZANTE, NEEM, MORINGA OLEIFERA, MECANISMO DE ACCIÓN