Evaluación de la lectura crítica en los estudiantes de primer año del Instituto Técnico Superior Ismael Pérez Pazmiño de la ciudad deMachala, para mejorar el desarrollo del aprendizaje
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2013-11
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Unidad de Post- Grado Investigación y Desarrollo. Maestría en Docencia y Gerencia en Educación Superior
Resumen
Una de las debilidades más acentuadas en el sistema educativo nacional, está relacionado con la lectura. Al respecto, vale recordar que el proceso de la lectura es el conjunto de acciones que realiza el docente conjuntamente con el estudiante con el fin de lograr la comprensión del texto. Leer no es lo mismo que saber leer, el acto de leer se logra en los primeros años de escolaridad, por ello, la comprensión de un texto es un hecho en el que interactúan un autor que es quien comunica unas ideas y un lector, quien interpreta el mensaje del autor. En el proceso de la lectura intervienen tres niveles a saber: el literal, el inferencial y el crítico valorativo, en el primero se encuentra lo explícito del texto, en el segundo lo implícito y en el tercero está la emisión de juicios de valores, la valoración del texto donde los estudiantes realizan procesos cognitivos de análisis, síntesis, reflexión. Para la presente investigación, se ha tomado como referencia a los estudiantes del Instituto Técnico Superior Ismael Pérez Pazmiño de la ciudad de Machala, en él se ha realizado un estudio de campo para identificar los principales problemas de lectura de la juventud, fundamentar teóricamente su papel, así como los niveles y técnica existentes para optimizar su aplicación en la formación de los estudiantes hasta llegar a una lectura crítica que trascienda en su razonamiento y nivel de criticidad, a fin de que el conocimiento sea procesado analizado, comprendido y asimilado por el estudiante de una manera consciente y no memorista. Para ello al finalizar la investigación se presenta un módulo alternativo que facilite el proceso de la comprensión lectora y la lectura crítica en los estudiantes.
One of the most pronounced weaknesses in the national education system, is related to reading. In this regard, it is worth remembering that the reading process is the set of actions taken by the teacher in conjunction with the student in order to develop an understanding of the text. Reading is not the same as knowing how to read, the act of reading is done in the early years of schooling, therefore, the understanding of a text is an event in which an author who is who communicates some ideas and interact reader who interprets the message of the author. In the process of reading involves three levels namely the literal, inferential and evaluative critic, the first is the explicit text, implicit in the second and the third is the issue of value judgments, the appraisal of the text where students perform cognitive processes of analysis, synthesis , reflection . For this investigation, it has been taken as a reference to students of the Higher Technical Institute Ismael Pérez Pazmiño city of Machala, it has conducted a field study to identify the main problems reading youth theoretically substantiate its role and levels and existing technique to optimize its application in training students to reach a critical reading that transcends in its reasoning and level of criticality, so that knowledge is processed analyzed, understood and assimilated by the student a conscious and not rote. To this end research to an alternative module to facilitate the process of reading comprehension and critical reading in students is presented.
One of the most pronounced weaknesses in the national education system, is related to reading. In this regard, it is worth remembering that the reading process is the set of actions taken by the teacher in conjunction with the student in order to develop an understanding of the text. Reading is not the same as knowing how to read, the act of reading is done in the early years of schooling, therefore, the understanding of a text is an event in which an author who is who communicates some ideas and interact reader who interprets the message of the author. In the process of reading involves three levels namely the literal, inferential and evaluative critic, the first is the explicit text, implicit in the second and the third is the issue of value judgments, the appraisal of the text where students perform cognitive processes of analysis, synthesis , reflection . For this investigation, it has been taken as a reference to students of the Higher Technical Institute Ismael Pérez Pazmiño city of Machala, it has conducted a field study to identify the main problems reading youth theoretically substantiate its role and levels and existing technique to optimize its application in training students to reach a critical reading that transcends in its reasoning and level of criticality, so that knowledge is processed analyzed, understood and assimilated by the student a conscious and not rote. To this end research to an alternative module to facilitate the process of reading comprehension and critical reading in students is presented.
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EVALUACIÓN DE LA EDUCACIÓN, ENSEÑANZA DE LA LECTURA, ESTUDIANTES